8.5 Acid Deposition Flashcards

1
Q

What is acid deposition?

A

Any process in which acidic substances leave the atmosphere to be deposited not he surface of the Earth.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Why is rain naturally acidic?

A

Due to dissolved carbon dioxide and has a pH of about 5.6

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the process of carbon dioxide dissolving in water?

A

H2O (l) + CO2 (g) H2CO3 (aq) it dissolves to form carbon acid which then dissociates
H2CO3 (aq) H+ (aq) + HCO3- (aq)
Which then dissociates again
HCO3- (aq) H+ (aq) + CO3 2- (aq)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is acid rain?

A

Rain with a pH lower than 5.6

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is acid deposition caused by?

A

When nitrogen oxides or suffer oxides dissolve in water to form nitric acid and sulphuric acids.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

How is sulfur dioxide produced and what is the equation for the formation of sulphuric (III) acid?

A

By burning coal and other sulfur containing fuels, smelting of metal ores or volcanic activity.
S (s) + O2 (g) —–> SO2 (g)
The equation for the formation of acid:
SO2 (g) + H2O (l) —-> H2SO3 (aq)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

How is sulfur trioxide produced and what is the equation for the formation of sulphuric (VI) acid?

A

Formed from S02 in the atmosphere.
2S02 (g) + O2 (g) 2SO3 (g)
The equation for the formation of the acid:
SO3 (g) + H20 (l) —–> H2SO4 (aq)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

How is nitrogen oxide produced?

A

By internal combustion engines, coal, oil and gas fuelled power stations.
N2 (g) + O2 (g) —–> 2NO (g)
It can be converted to nitrogen dioxide.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

How is nitrogen dioxide produced and what is the equation for the formation of nitric acid?

A

By oxidation of NO in the atmosphere.
2NO (g) + O2 (g) —–> 2NO2 (g)
The equation for the formation of nitric acid:
2NO2 (g) + H2O (l) —–> HNO2 (aq) + HNO3 (aq)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are some effects of acid deposition?

A

Damages and kills trees and plants
Kills fish in lakes
Damages limestone buildings

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

How can sulfur be removed pre combustion?

A

The sulfur is removed from the fuel before it is burnt - used for producing petrol/diesel for vehicles this can be done by heating the duller containing fuel with hydrogen in the presence of a catalyst inverting sulfur to H2S.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

How can sulfur be removed post combustion?

A

In a power station the sulfur oxides are removed after the fuel has been burnt. This can be done by the exhaust gases being passed through a base such as calcium oxide or calcium carbonated eg
CaCO3 (s) SO2 (g) ——> CaSO3 (s) + CO2 (g)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly