8.5

Question 1

Tremors

Answer 1

vibration on the Earth’s surface caused by an earthquake

Question 2

Epicentre

Answer 2

the point on the Earth’s centre directly above the site where an earthquake originates

Question 3

Focus

Answer 3

the point at which an earthquake begins

Question 4

Triangulation

Answer 4

finding a location by using at least three different sources of detection

Question 5

Siesmograph

Answer 5

an instrument used to detect and measure the intensity of an earthquake

Question 6

Richter scale

Answer 6

a scale that measures the amount of energy released during an earthquake

Question 7

P waves

Answer 7

compression waves that move through the Earth in the same way that sound waves move through air

Question 8

S waves

Answer 8

compression waves that move through the Earth in the same way that sound waves move through air

Question 9

Body waves

Answer 9

waves that travel through the interior of the Earth; P-waves and S-waves are said to be body waves

Question 10

Surface waves

Answer 10

or L-waves) earthquake waves which travel only through the Earth’s crust; they are responsible for the majority of an earthquake’s destructive power

Question 11

Seismologist

Answer 11

a scientist who studies earthquakes

Question 12

Tsunamis

Answer 12

a powerful ocean wave triggered by an undersea earth movement

Question 13

Meltdowns

Answer 13

the melting of a nuclear-reactor core as a result of a serious nuclear accident