3.9 Cells

Question 1

nervous system

Answer 1

the system of nerves and nerve centres in an animal in which messages are sent as an electrical and then a chemical impulse. It comprises the central nervous system and the peripheral nervous system.

Question 2

Central nervous system

Answer 2

the part of the nervous system composed of the brain and spinal cord

Question 3

Peripheral nervous system

Answer 3

made up of sensory and motor neurons. It connects the central nervous system to the rest of the body, and detects and responds to change.

Question 4

Electrical impulses

Answer 4

nerve signals that pass rapidly from the receptors and along the peripheral nervous system to the central nervous system

Question 5

Neurotransmitters

Answer 5

nerve signals that pass rapidly from the receptors and along the peripheral nervous system to the central nervous system

Question 6

Synapses

Answer 6

the gap between adjoining neurons across which electrical nervous impulses are sent

Question 7

Endocrine System

Answer 7

the body system of glands that produce and secrete hormones into the bloodstream in order to regulate processes in various organs

Question 8

Endocrine glands

Answer 8

organs that produce hormones. Endocrine glands release their hormones into the bloodstream for transport to target organs.

Question 9

Hormones

Answer 9

chemical substances produced by glands and circulated in the blood. Hormones have specific effects in the body.

Question 10

Digestive

Answer 10

a complex series of organs and glands that processes food in order to supply your body with the nutrients it needs to function effectively

Question 11

Respiratory

Answer 11

concerning the airways or breathing

Question 12

Circulatory

Answer 12

the body system that circulates oxygen in blood to all the cells of the body. The circulatory system consists of the heart, blood vessels and blood.

Question 13

Excretory System

Answer 13

the body system that removes waste substances from the body

Question 14

Respiratory system

Answer 14

the body system involving the lungs and associated structures, which take in air and supply the blood with oxygen to deliver to the body’s cells so they can carry out their essential functions; it also performs gas exchange to remove the waste gas carbon dioxide

Question 15

Trachea

Answer 15

narrow tube from the mouth to the lungs through which air moves

Question 16

Lungs

Answer 16

the organ for breathing air. Gas exchange occurs in the lungs.

Question 17

Bronchi

Answer 17

the narrow tubes through which air passes from the trachea to the smaller bronchioles and alveoli in the respiratory system. Singular = bronchus.

Question 18

Bronchioles

Answer 18

small branching tubes in the lungs leading from the two larger bronchi to the alveoli

Question 19

Alveoli

Answer 19

tiny air sacs in the lungs at the ends of the narrowest tubes. Oxygen moves from alveoli into the surrounding blood vessels, in exchange for carbon dioxide.

Question 20

Capillaries

Answer 20

minute tubes carrying blood to body cells. Every cell of the body is supplied with blood through capillaries.

Question 21

Circulatory System

Answer 21

the body system that circulates oxygen in blood to all the cells of the body. The circulatory system consists of the heart, blood vessels and blood.

Question 22

Endocrine System

Answer 22

the body system of glands that produce and secrete hormones into the bloodstream in order to regulate processes in various organs

Question 23

Neurotransmitters

Answer 23

chemical released from the axon terminals into the synapse between your nerve cells (neurons) during a nerve impulse

Question 24

Norepinephrine

Answer 24

also called noradrenaline; common neurotransmitter involved in arousal states