8.4 Flashcards
what does the strength of an acid/ a base depend on?
extent of its dissociation
What is a strong acid/base?
one that dissociates completely
What is a weak acid/base?
one that dissociates partially
what kind of reactions don’t need the equilibrium sign?
ones that dissociate completely
strong acids have strong or weak conjugate bases?
strong acids have weak conjugate bases and vice versa
which ones are more common weak acids/bases or strong ones?
weak
common examples of strong forms
acids: HCl; HNO3; H2SO4
Bases: LiOH; NaOH; KOH; Ba(OH)2
common examples of weak forms
acids: CH3COOH and other organic acids; H2CO3; H3PO4,
Bases: NH3; C2H5NH2 and other amines
how to distinguish between strong and weak acids/bases?
strong acids/bases have higher concentration of ions
*only valid when solutions have the same concentration and temperature
properties that depend on the concentration of ions:
- Electrical conductivity
- Rate of reaction
- pH
how is electrical conductivity dependant on the concentration of ions
electrical conductivity is dependant on the concentration of mobile ions.
strong acids/ bases that have high concentration of ions have higher conductivity.
solutions have to have same concentration to be compared
how is rate of reaction dependant on the concentration of ions?
The reactions of acids depend on the concentration of H+
They will therefore happen at a greater rate with stronger acids
How is pH dependant on the concentration of ions?
Higher the [H+] lower the pH and vice versa
same with pOH
