8.2 Signalling in Lymphocytes

Question 1

What are the outcomes of signalling

Answer 1

Survival 
Proliferation 
Differentiation 
Transcription 
Ionic flux 
Protein synthesis

Question 2

What is the main stimulator for signalling?

Answer 2

Glycoproteins

Question 3

What are the three receptor types for water soluble ligands

Answer 3

Ion channel linked receptors
G protein linked receptors
Enzyme linked receptors

Question 4

What are the two main SH domains on tyrosine kinase? and what are their functions?

Answer 4

SH4: enables it to associate with the cell membrane
SH3: Important to enable one protein to associate with another

Question 5

Mechanism of GTPase

Answer 5

Active state is determined by the association with GDP: GGTP is the active state and when GTP is replaced with GDP it will be switched off

Question 6

What causes activation of MAP kinase?

Answer 6

phosphorylation of serine or threonine

Question 7

what external stimuli causes MAP kinase activation?

Answer 7

osmotic stress
heat shock
mitogens
pro-inflammatory cytokines