8. The Roman Republic and the revolutions of 1848-49

Question 1

What did the Roman Republic achieve

Answer 1

legal reforms
taxation changes
educational reforms

Question 2

The pope flees

Why?

Answer 2

Popes Chief minister Count Pellegrino Rossi murdered November 1848.
Rioting followed.
Pope flees to take refuge in Naples

Question 3

The pope flees

how did this lead to the roman republic?

Answer 3

Gov left behind proposed holding of Constituente (meeting in Rome of representatives from all over Italy) ->
Constituente meet in February 1849 ->
proclaim end to temporal power of pope and establishment of Roman Republic

Question 4

which important figure was part of the constituente

Answer 4

Garibaldi

Question 5

Mazzinis role in the Roman Republic

Answer 5

elected as head of triumvirate (a governing group of 3 men) that would rule the city

Question 6

Reforms/ actions of Mazzini

Answer 6

1. abolished death penalty and inquisition (legal reforms)
2. Taxation reformed to aid poor
3. clerical monopoly on education ended
4. dozen new newspapers
5. urged Rome, Piedmont, Florence and Venice ought to work together to end Austrian rule

Question 7

The fall of the republic

1. why
2. how

Answer 7

1. Pope appeals to france spain and naples

2. France - army of 20,000 men sent to destroy Roman Republic.

Question 8

The Venetian Republic

1. why did it fail?
2. what happened to Manin

Answer 8

1. driven by hunger and disease (cholera outbreak) to surrender to Austrians in August 1849
2. forced into exile

Question 9

Piedmont

1. why did Charles Albert abdicate

Answer 9

1. heavily defeated at battle of Novara

Question 10

Tuscany

1. why was the Grand Duke restored to his throne

Answer 10

1. Austrian army crush revoloution