8. Specialties in Radiologic Technology Flashcards
Ultrasound-based diagnostic imaging technique used for visualizing subcutaneous body structures including tendons, muscles, joints, vessels and organs for pathology or lesions.
Sonography
Ultrasound
Sonography
Diagnostic ultrasound range
2 to 18 MHz
Produce less resolution but penetrate deeper
Low frequency (1-6 MHz)
Produce high resolution but lower penetration
High frequency (7-18 MHz)
Diagnostic medical professionals who operate ultrasonic imaging devices to produce diagnostic images, scans, videos, or 3D volumes of anatomy and diagnostic data
Sonographers
Provides a live-action view of the interior body
Fluoroscopy
Device that electronically brightens and enhances the image and transmits it to the monitor
Image-intensifier
Enhances images of the body and has the ability of post-processing
Digital Imaging
Two types of Digital Imaging
- Computed Radiography
- Direct Digital Radiography
Produces 2-D and 3-D cross-sectional images of an object from flat x-ray images
Computed Tomography
- Operate CT-Scan machine
- Explain procedure to the patient
- Immobilize and observe the patient during procedure
- Monitor video display of area being scanned and improve image quality
- Review and evaluate CT-Scan images
- Use radiation safety measures and protection devices
CT-Scan Technologist
Is a medical imaging technique used in radiology to visualize detailed internal structures using nuclear
magnetic resonance property
Magnetic Resonance Imaging
-MRI, NMRI, or MRT
Uses a powerful magnetic field to align the magnetization of some atoms in the body, and radiofrequency fields to systematically alter the alignment of magnetization.
MRI machine
- Performs the prescribed examination
- Explain the procedure and positions the patient
- Should answer any questions from the patient
- Monitor the safety of the patient and be prepared to perform emergency procedures
- Assist the patient
- Prepare the equipment and proper settings for image acquisition
- Must follow hospital procedures for recording images with the patient’s record for doctors to evaluate
MRI Technologist
Provides information about both structure and function and treat disease with the use of radiopharmaceuticals.
Nuclear Medicine
- Prepare and administer radiopharmaceuticals
- Perform imaging procedures using radiation-detecting instruments
- Accomplish computer processing and image enhancement
- Analyze biologic specimens in the laboratory
- Provide images, data analysis, and patient information to the physician for diagnostic interpretation
- Obtain patient history, describe the procedure to the patient and answer any questions
- Monitors the patient’s physical condition during the procedure
Nuclear Medicine Technologist
Uses a radiopharmaceutical agent injected in the circulatory system to image the area of interest for the evaluation of anatomic and physiologic condition of an organ.
Positron Emission Tomography (PET)
Is a nuclear medicine tomographic imaging technique using gamma rays.
Single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT)
It is very similar to conventional nuclear medicine planar imaging using a gamma camera. However, it
is able to provide true 3D information.
Single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT)
This information is typically presented as cross-sectional slices through the patient, but can be freely reformatted or manipulated as required.
Single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT)
Is a test like an X-ray that quickly and accurately measures the density of bone.
Bone Densitometry
It is used primarily to detect osteopenia or osteoporosis, diseases in which the bone’s mineral and density are low and the risk of fractures is increased.
Bone Densitometry
Medical use of ionizing radiation, generally as part of cancer treatment to control or kill malignant cells.
Radiation Therapy
Medical specialty concerned with prescribing radiation, and is distinct from radiology, the use of radiation in medical imaging and diagnosis.
Radiation Oncology
Treatment
- Curative
- Palliative
Precise Treatment depends on the following:
- Tumor type
- Location
- Stage
- General health of the patient
Radiation therapy technique used to prepare the body to receive bone marrow transplant
Total Body Irradiation – TBI
Radiation source is place inside or next to the area requiring treatment.
Brachytherapy
It minimizes exposure to healthy tissue during procedures to treat cancers of the breast, prostrate and other organs.
Brachytherapy
Radiation source is place at a particular distance from the area to be irradiated.
Teletherapy
Teletherapy is also known as _________
External beam radiotherapy (EBRT)
X-rays ranging from 100 kV to 500 kV
Orthovoltage
X-rays with low voltage and penetration
Grenz Rays
First American physician to use x-rays to treat cancer in _____
Emil Grubbe, 1896
Discovered radioactive elements in _______ and what element
Marie Curie, 1898 (radium and polonium)
Cobalt and cesium units where used
Mid-1900s
(Year) Linear Accelerators
1940s
invented CT-Scan in _____
Godfrey Hounsfield, 1971
IMRT
Intensity-modulated radiation therapy
IGRT
Image-guided radiation therapy tomotherapy
- Assist radiation oncologists
- Expose specific area of the patients body to radiation
- Positions the patient for treatment
- Monitors the patient during the procedure
- Maintain very strict procedures for safety
- Records patient’s treatment accurately
- Should communicate effectively
- Should be compassionate
Radiation Therapist
Process of using low-energy x-rays to examine the human breast and is used as diagnostic and a screening tool.
Mammography
- Equipment adjustment
- Patient positioning
- Providing adequate radiation protection
Mammographer
Allows for the total management of a patient’s case.
Picture Archiving and Communication System (PACS)
DICOM used for blending PACS with other imaging modalities
PACS
DICOM
Digital Imaging and Communications
