8- Short term and long term memory Flashcards
What are the steps to a delayed free recall task?
Delayed free recall task
1. Participants memorise a list of words
2. Count backwards from 30
3. Recall words in order
What happened to Clive Wearing’s memory?
Unable to make new STMs and LTMs.
What does cognitive revolution mean?
- E.g. behaviourism- mind is a black box. Don’t need to pay attention to it
- Information processing- mind is a computer
What is the multistore model?
SR to STM to LTM
What is the capacity and duration of SR
Large capacity, short duration
What is the capacity and duration of STM?
Small capacity, short duration
What is the capacity and duration of LTM?
Large capacity, long duration
Studying SR
- Sperling 1960
- Viewed an array of letters for 50ms
- They recalled as many as possible
- A tone indicated which row to recall
- 4 letters were typically recalled
- Evidence for the brief storage of sensory info
Memory span test
- Participants memorise a list of words
- They recall words from memory in order
What is the typical span for memory?
5-9 (7+-2)
What is chunking?
memory span can be improved by combining smaller units and larger units together
What are the 3 types of LTM?
Semantic, episodic and procedural memories
What evidence is there for acoustic coding?
Baddeley 1966
- Memorised list of words
- One similar sounding
- One dissimilar
- Evidence for the acoustic encoding of information via phonological loop
What is visuospatial overload?
- Brooks
o Participants mentally visualised objects and described their corners as in or out
o Visuospatial overload- superior recall for verbal vs visuospatial responding
o Evidence for the visuospatial encoding of objects and responding via the visuospatial sketchpad
