8. organic synthesis - synthetic routes

Question 1

homologous series ALKANE

1. functional group
2. properties
3. typical reactions

Answer 1

1. C-C
2. non-polar, unreactive
3. radical substitution

Question 2

homologous series ALKENE

1. functional group
2. properties
3. typical reactions

Answer 2

1. C=C
2. non-polar, electron rich double bond
3. electrophilic addition

Question 3

homologous series Alcohol

1. functional group
2. properties
3. typical reactions

Answer 3

1. C-OH
2. polar C-OH bond
   lone pair on O can act as nucleophile
3. nucleophilic substitution
   dehydration/elimination

Question 4

homologous series HALOALKANE

1. functional group
2. properties
3. typical reactions

Answer 4

1. C-X
2. polar C-X bond
3. nucleophilic substitution

Question 5

homologous series ALDEHYDE/KETONE

1. functional group
2. properties
3. typical reactions

Answer 5

1. C=O
2. polar C=O bond
3. Aldehydes will oxidise

Question 6

homologous series Carboxylic acid

1. functional group
2. properties
3. typical reactions

Answer 6

1. -COOH
2. electron deficient carbon centre
3. esterification