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Z Anth > 8: Marriage & Family > Flashcards

8: Marriage & Family Flashcards

1
Q

What philosophies created our notion of passionate love

A

1500s western individualism and democracy arising. Emergence of the self.

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2
Q

How is marriage defined by current anthropologists (namely, the ones who wrote your textbook)

A

Socially-approved union between adult partners that regulated their economic and sexual rights and obligations. Assumption of relatively permanency. Usually involves mutual understanding or contract.

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3
Q

Why are common-law couples increasing while married couples decrease?

A
  • student debt means costly weddings are less of a thing
  • less involvement in, and pressure from, organized religion
  • For children of divorce,
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4
Q

When was interracial marriage allowed in USA

A

1967 :(

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5
Q

Exogamy

A

Out-marriage

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6
Q

Endogamy

A

In-marriage

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7
Q

Cross cousins—and who are your cross cousins?

A

Cross cousins are the children of your parent’s opposite-sex siblings. Eg. Brandon is a cross cousin, since he’s the child of Mum’s brother.

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8
Q

Parallel cousins. Who are your parallel cousins?

A

Children of your parents’ same-sex siblings. Candace and Alyssa; Melody and Jonathan

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9
Q

Who are your patrilineal cross-cousins?

A

Candace, Alyssa, Mel, Jonathan

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10
Q

Patrilineal parallel cousins?

A

Amy, Robin, Nathan

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11
Q

Purpose of marrying to cross cousins?

A

Alliance. They are part of different lineages.

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12
Q

Benefit of marrying to parallel cousins?

A

Inheritance, they are in the same lineage.

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13
Q

LGBT rights in Canada

A

Prior to 1969, homosexuality was illegal, punishable by imprisonment, fines, time in a sanatorium.
In British North America era, was punishable by death.

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14
Q

What is bridewealth?

A

Gift to bride’s family from groom and/or groom’s next-of-kin.

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15
Q

What is bride-price?

A

Bridewealth.

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16
Q

Where is bridewealth most common?

A

Pastoral communities, where livestock is main currency

17
Q

Other social factors in bridewealth

A
  • Young men become obligated with elders

- seniors have power and resources, can buy a lotta wives

18
Q

Bridewealth is most common in _______ systems/societies.

A

Patrilineal! A man is essentially buying rights to her fertility, her labour, and future family members. He’s also compensating her family for the loss of labour and future descendants.

19
Q

Transfer of money or goods from bride’s family to groom or groom’s family.

A

Dowry

20
Q

Where are dowries common?

A
  • Societies with fixed plot agriculture
  • European peasants
  • Asia, especially India
21
Q

In most societies, marriage not only aligns individuals, but kin groups.

A

:)

22
Q

Where bridewealth is high, marriage is…

A

Stable!

23
Q

Describe Nuer marriage tradition

A
  • ghost marriages are possible.
  • When a woman’s husband dies, their children are still his.
  • When a woman’s husband dies, she should marry her deceased husband’s brother…or may just open herself to new lovers??
24
Q

Minghun marriage tradition

A
  • afterlife marriage
  • if son dies, parents worry that son will be sad bachelor in afterlife. They try to find a dead woman to marry him, burying them together.
25
Q

Marriage definitions: who moves in with who?

A

Matrilocal: couple moves into woman’s family
Patrilineal: couple moves into man’s family
Neolocal: couple gets separate residence together

26
Q

Munducuru

A

Men and boys 13+ live together. Women, girls, and boys <12 live together.

27
Q

Kibbutz

A

Experimented with communal living, found it distressing. Now kids sleep with their parents at least until teen years.

28
Q

Who was Murdoch 1949 and what did he think?

A

He believed in heterosexual marriage and the nuclear family.

29
Q

Functions of family

A 
Sex
Reproduction
Economic cooperation
Recreation
Protection
Socialization and education
Companionship
Emotional support
Elderly care
30
Q

Married couples with children are ___. Married couples without children are ___.

A

Decreasing, increasing.

31
Q

Which structures (marital status) of lone parent families are increasing, and which are decreasing?

A

Lone parent, widowed: decreasing (proportionally)
Lone parent, never married: increasing
Lone parent, divorced: increasing

32
Q

Why are extended family households increasing in canada?

A
  • increasing living costs
  • Canada’s increasingly diverse population
  • aging population
33
Q

Economic benefits of extended family

A
  • helps minimize ruinous division of property (???)
  • found in areas where the amount of work that a woman must do is overwhelming, since it allows for the division of labour
34
Q

Complex family means

A

Polygamy

35
Q

Is family a cross-cultural universal institution?

A

YES!

Z Anth (6 decks)

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