5: Research Methods

Question 1

Ethnographic fieldwork

Answer 1

An ind’l immersing themselves in the daily life of a culture to collect data

Question 2

Participatory action research

Answer 2

Anthropologist and community working together to understand conditions that belie the community’s problems. also trying to find solutions

Question 3

Community-based participatory action research

Answer 3

Collaborative approach involving people from within community in all aspects of research. Works towards achieving social change equitably.

Question 4

Community-based monitoring

Answer 4

Concerned citizens, government, industry, academia, and community groups working together

Question 5

Participant observation: Pros

Answer 5

• Generally improves rapport
• Enables fieldworkers to distinguish between expected and observed behaviour
• Permits observation of nonverbal behaviour
• Get to experience behaviours being observed

Question 6

Participant observation. Cons

Answer 6

• Practical only for small sample size
• different to obtain comparable, standardized data
• Hawthorne effect (conscious of being watched)
• some things are hard to.record

Question 7

Ethnographic mapping

Answer 7

Tracking where people live, where they keep their livestock/resources, where their buildings are. Researching connection between community and environment.

Question 8

Document analysis

Answer 8

Examination of documents and texts—personal diaries, colonial records, newspapers, etc

Question 9

Ethnohistory

Answer 9

The use of documents, oral tradition, and other methods to understand community’s history, both past and present

Question 10

Situated knowledge

Answer 10

Personal & SES factors influence an anthropologist’s knowledge and perception

Question 11

narrative ethnography

Answer 11

Ethnography in which anthropologist discusses how their own personal & cultural background influences the work. The ethnography also has a focus on the relationship between the anthropologist and the community. It is “co-produced” between the anthropologist and their collaborators.

Question 12

Biculturalism

Answer 12

The ability to think and perceive actions in both one’s own culture and that of another.

Question 13

Life history

Answer 13

Telling a collaborator’s life story in their culture that provides insight into their culture.

Question 14

Autoethnography

Answer 14

Ethnographic work in which the author tries to understand another culture by describing and analyzing their own fieldwork experience