8-Alkyl Halides and Elimination Reactions Flashcards
Alkyl halides undergo ____ reactions with BRONSTED-LOWRY BASES
elimination reactions
the CIS isomer has two groups on the ____ side of the double bond
same
the TRANS isomer has two groups on the ____ side of the double bond
opposite
increasing the number of R groups (increases/decreases) stability
increases
E2 Mechanism
kinetics?
second order
E2 Mechanism
mechanism
one step
E2 Mechanism
identity of R and rate
R3CX > R2CHX > RCH2X
E2 Mechanism
base
favored by strong bases
E2 Mechanism
Leaving group
better leaving group -> .faster reaction
E2 Mechanism
Solvent (polar protic/aprotic)
polar apotic
the rate of the E2 reaction (increases/decreases) as the strength of the base (increases/decreases)
increase-increase or decrease-decrease
the major product in beta elimination has a (less/more) substituted double bond
more
Vocab:
then a reaction yields prodominantly or exclusively one CONSTITUTIONAL isomer when more than one is possible
regioselective
Vocab:
when a reaction forms predominantly one or exclusively one STEREOISOMER when two or more are possible
stereoselective
E1 Mechanism
kinetics
first order
E1 Mechanism
mechanism
two steps
E1 Mechanism
identity of R and rate
R3CX > R2CHX > RCH2X
E1 Mechanism
base
favored by weaker bases
ie H2O and ROH
E1 Mechanism
leaving group
better leaving group makes the reaction faster
E1 Mechanism
solvent
polar protic solvents
Vocab:
H and X atoms oriented on the SAME side of the molecule
syn periplanar
Vocab:
H and X atoms oriented on OPPOSITE sides of the molecule
anti periplanar
E2 elimination reactions (with alkyl halides) favor what type of geometry?
anti periplanar
