5-Stereochemistry Flashcards
Vocab:
Different compounds with the SAME MOLECULAR FORMULA?
Isomers
Vocab:
Isomers that differ in the way the atoms are commented to each other?
Constitutional isomers
Vocab:
Isomers that differ only in 3-D arrangement
Stereoisomers
Constitutional isomers
- different bonds
- different IUPAC names
- same or different functional groups
- different physical properties
- different chemical properties
Stereoisomers
- identical IUPAC names
- *must add prefix “cis” or “trans”
- same functional group
Vocab:
A molecule that is SUPERIMPOSABLE on its mirror image
Achiral
Vocab:
A molecule that is NOT superimposable on its mirror image
Chiral
Vocab:
Mirror images that are NOT superimposable
(A set of chiral molecules)
Enantiomers
Vocab:
A tetrahedral carbon bonded to 4 different groups
Stereogenic center
Chiral?
Molecules with NO stereogenic center
NOT chiral
Chiral?
Molecule with ONE stereogenic center
ALWAYS chiral
Chiral?
Molecule with TWO stereogenic centers
MAYBE chiral
Chiral or achiral?
Non superimposable
Chiral
Chiral or achiral?
Presence of a plane of symmetry
Achiral
Clockwise or counterclockwise?
R isomer
Clockwise
Clockwise or counterclockwise?
S isomer
Counterclockwise
Vocab:
Stereoisomers that ARE mirror images
Enantiomers
Vocab:
Stereoisomers that are NOT mirror images
Diastereomers
Vocab: ACHIRAL with tetrahedral stereogenic centers, generally having a plane of symmetry
Meso compound
Identical? Enantiomers? Diastereomers?
Compounds with the SAME R,S designation at EVERY tetrahedral stereogenic center
Identical
Identical? Enantiomers? Diastereomers?
Compounds with OPPOSITE R,S designation
Enantiomers
Identical? Enantiomers? Diastereomers?
Compounds with the SAME R,S designation for ONE tetrahedral stereogenic center and the OPPOSITE R,S designation for at least one of the other tetrahedral stereogenic centers
Diastereomers
Identical? Enantiomers? Diastereomers?
CIS and TRANS isomers
Diastereomers
Vocab: plane-polarized light
CLOCKWISE rotation
DEXTROROTARY
“d” or “+”
Vocab: plane-polarized light
COUNTERCLOCKWISE rotation
LEVOROTARY
“R” or “-“
Vocab:
Mixture with an EQUAL amount of two enantiomers
Racemes mixture
Equation: Enantiomeric excess (ee)
% of one enantiomer - % of the other enantiomer
Distaereomers have the (same or different) physical properties?
Different
Diastereomers have the (same or different) optics, rotations
Different
Disstereomers can/cannot be separated by common physical techniques?
Can
Constitutional isomers can/cannot be separated by common physical techniques?
Can
Enantiomer a have (same of different) physical properties?
Same
Enantiomers can/cannot be separated by common physical techniques?
Cannot
Enantiomers have (the same/different) physical properties
Same
Enantiomers react (the same/different) with CHIRALreagents?
Different
