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Pathophysiology > 8/28 Day 2 > Flashcards

8/28 Day 2 Flashcards

1
Q

What is OSA?

A

usually caused by tongue/huge tonsils, causes snoring

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2
Q

What is SIDS?

A

sudden infant death syndrom; there are several factors: sleeping position, smoking, premature birth, infections, metabolic defects, etc.

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3
Q

What is Morbitity?

A

the increased risk of death from a disease/illness

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4
Q

What is Mortality?

A

death caused by the disease/illness

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4
Q

What is AMI?

A

Acute myocardial infarction: heart attack

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5
Q

What is coronary artery disease?

A

a buildup of plaque in the heart which slows blood flow to the heart, limits oxygen to the heart and results in hypoxia.

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6
Q

Fetal hypoxia can be seen through

A

the fetal position, vitals, or a decreasing heart rate.

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7
Q

What is the main cause of lung cancer?

A

smoking/vaping

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8
Q

The fallopian tubes are lined with:

A

Cilia

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9
Q

Where do disease processes start?

A

at the cellular level, can also be caused by genetics.

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10
Q

What does protein do for the body?

A

it helps transport at the cellular level, through the body.

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11
Q

what are free radicals?

A

They are BAD, unstable atoms with a missing electrons that go to other atoms and steal more electrons, causing a chain reaction and a negative reaction for the body which cause cell death, illness, and aging.

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12
Q

What cancer can be genetically passed on through pregnancy?

A

Melanoma

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13
Q

T or F: Free Radicals harm the plasma membrane?

A

TRUE

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14
Q

T or F: high pressure forces, hypertension, is a silent killer that injures the plasma membrane?

A

TRUE

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15
Q

Does Radiation injure the plasma membrane?

A

YES

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16
Q

Does High Glucose concentration, Diabetes, harm the plasma membrane?

A

YES

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17
Q

What disease is classified by having hyperthyroidism that injures the immune system and is genetically passed on?

A

Grave’s Disease

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18
Q

_______________ protects the body from having damage to cells, DNA, and protein by overpowering the free radicals that were produced by oxidation.

A

Antioxidants

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19
Q

There is alot of protein found in

A

plasma

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20
Q

a patient having heart failure is in dire need of __________________.

A

fluids and medication.

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21
Q

Why is water intoxication deadly?

A

it causes an over-dilution of the important cells in our body.

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22
Q

What is Edema?

A

Swelling= the retention of fluid in the body.

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23
Q

what is cellular edema?

A

swelling at the cellular level

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24
Q

Aerobic viruses thrive in the presence of

A

oxygen

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25
Q

Anaerobic viruses do NOT need

A

oxygen to survive, oxygen is harmful to them.

26
Q

what are lysosomes?

A

they contain digestive enzyme.

27
Q

what do white blood cells (leukeyocytes) do?

A

they fight infection and diseases in the body.

28
Q

What is normal cell death?

A

Apoptosis

29
Q

itis =

A

inflammation of something

30
Q

What is Ischemia?

A

a part of the body not receiving enough blood flow and oxygen.

31
Q

GERD = Gastroesophageal Reflux disease

A

occurs when the contents of the stomach go up the esophagus.

32
Q

Arythmia -

A

an abnormal heart beat.

32
Q

AMI =

A

acute myocardial infarction

33
Q

What is the heart conduction system?

A

nodes, cells, and signals that create electrical conductions that help pump the heart.

34
Q

What is sickle cell anemia?

A

a genetic disease where the RBC are shaped different which requires a lot of hydration. very common in african americans.

35
Q

What is protein synthesis?

A

the process that uses amino acids/cells to create protein.

36
Q

What are antibiotics?

A

kill/prevent bacterias from harming the body or reproducing.

37
Q

Many medical treatments work through the

A

immune system to defeat the pathogens (bacteria/viruses)

38
Q

what uses the bodys immune system to trick our bodys immune system and attack the pathogens?

A

Immunotherapy

39
Q

viability =

A

livability

40
Q

The normal pH range for our blood is:

A

7.35-7.45

41
Q

What is homeostasis?

A

the bodies way of maintaining an equilibrium and keeping our processes balanced.

42
Q

The bodys normal potassium level is?

A

3.5 - 5.2

43
Q

Why do you sweat when having a fever?

A

your body uses homeostatis to make you sweat so that it can cool off your body temperature.

44
Q

What is sepsis?

A

an infection that can start anywhere in the body and if untreated can go into the bloodstream and kill you. once its in the blood stream it is known as becoming “septic” and requires immediate medial attention.

45
Q

What does the bone marrow consist of?

A

RBC, WBC, platelets (stop bleeding if injured:thrombocytes)

46
Q

The umbilical cord has very important

A

stem cells that can be conserved to treat the baby later on if they get a genetic disease or lukemia.

47
Q

What happens when cells have injuries?

A

it can be reversible, but if not treated it will cause unplanned cell death (necrosis).

48
Q

What is hypovolemic shock?
hypo=low
volemic= loss of blood/plasma in the body

A

the severe loss of blood/fluid in the body which makes the heart unable to pump blood to the rest of the body. Will cause organ failure if untreated.

49
Q

What is Angiotensin?

A

a hormone that helps regulate your blood pressure by constricting (narrowing) blood vessels and triggering water and salt (sodium) intake

50
Q

Patients with uncontrolled diabetes are very susceptible to

A

cell death

50
Q

what is etiology?

A

the cause/beginning of an condition/disease

51
Q

what is muscle atrophy?

A

the wasting/thinning of muscle mass. usually seen in elderly, those with CP:cerebral palsy, or injuries where pt had to wear a cast.

52
Q

What can cause CP:cerebral palsy?

A

a traumatic birth exp, lack of oxygen to fetus, hypoxia, umbilical cord around the neck, fetal position, use of forceps in labor.

53
Q

what is agent orange?

A

a poison that was used to harm the lungs of those in the Vietnam war.

54
Q

what is esophagitis?

A

swelling in the esophagus, caused by GERD/Barrets esophagus

54
Q

what is hypertrophy?

A

increased muscle size. NOT good in the heart muscle.

55
Q

What is metaplasia?

A

a cell being replaced by another cell type

56
Q

Displasia

A

precancerous cell/abnormal growth

57
Q

What does benign mean?

A

a non cancerous growth

58
Q

What is a malignant growth?

A

a cancerous, quick reproducing growth.

59
Q

stem cell therapy

A

rebuild cartilage for healing

Pathophysiology (3 decks)

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