7F Acids and Alkalis Flashcards
Risk
The chance that a hazard will
cause harm.
Indicator
A substance that changes
colour in solutions of
different acidity/alkalinity.
Universal Indicator
Indicator that gives a range
of colours depending on the
pH.
Acid
Turns litmus indicator red.
Litmus
An indicator made from a
type of lichen.
Alkali
Turns litmus indicator blue.
pH scale
A scale measuring acidity and
alkalinity in numbers.
Acid Rain
Rainwater more acidic than
usual due to pollution.
Chemical reaction
A change in which one or
more new substance is
formed.
Reactants
The starting substances-
written on left of word
equation.
Products
The new substances made-
written on right of word
equation.
Salt
Formed when acids and
alkalis react. Different acids
and alkalis will form
different salts.
Neutralisation Word Equation Example
Hydrochloric acid + sodium hydroxide →
sodium chloride + water
Neutralisation General Word Equation
Acid + alkali → salt + water
Base
Any substance that
neutralises an acid forming a
salt and water.
