7a) Memory Flashcards
Key concepts:
- Neural correlates of memory (basic idea of regions involved)
- Stages of memory process (name and define each stage)
- Types of long term memory (names and definitions)
- Strategies for enhancing memory (basic examples)
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Define Health behavior
“Any activity undertaken by an individual believing himself to be healthy, for the purpose of preventing disease or detecting it at an asymptomatic stage”
What are behaviour change techniques?
A systematic strategy used in an attempt to change behaviour
(different from intervention which can comprise of different tecnhiques - rather than one specific technique)
Examples
- Providing information on consequences
- Prompting specific goal setting
- Prompting barrier identification
- Modelling the behaviour
- Planning social support
What is behavior change taxonomy
0.55
which BCT cluster is most effective?
- techniques = organized under each clusters
- -> self monitoring = seen to be most effective
What is self monitoring in terms of behavior change techniques?
pro:
cons:
individual keeping a record of target behaviours
pro: Additional information recorded can help to identify barriers e.g. mood, weather
con: Time-consuming over the long term
e. g in bariatrics
What is motivational interviewing in terms of behavior change techniques?
A person-centred counselling style for addressing the common problem of ambivalence about change.
for clinicians: - MI Spirit - MI-consistent behaviours - MI-inconsistent behaviours Using specific techniques
patient:
- Change Talk/Intention
- Stage of Change e.g. readiness to change
- Co-operation, engagement or disclosure (client engagement/involvement)
- Resistance to change (client resistance)
- Self-confidence
- Sense of discrepancy
Describe the Transtheoretical (Stages of Change) Model and its link with motivational interviewing
motivational interviewing = helpful in patients undergoing precontemplation or contemplation stage of the transtheoretical model
What is implementation intentions in terms of behavior change techniques?
how does it work?
Request an individual to think about critical situations to act and appropriate responses within those situations
e.f if its a friday and 9am –> i will go for a run
By planning in advance the situation in which an individual will act,
- -> cues become particularly accessible
- -> Strengthening connection between good situation to act and a suitable action
- -> Therefore behaviour is more likely to be enacted
how can incentives be beneficial for behavior change ?
- Cost-effective
- Raise awareness
- Bring individuals into contact with health services allowing earlier screening and treatment of illness
- Can be effective in changing health and clinical behaviours, thus preventing disease and reducing costs associated with disease.
What are some Limitations of reinforcement programmes
- Lack of generalization (only affects behaviour regarding the specific trait that is being rewarded e.g only smoking).
- Poor maintenance (rapid extinction of the desired behaviour once the reinforcer disappears)
- Impractical and expensive.
Are interventions that comprise more BCTs effective?
- Yes, to a degree
- Moderately complex interventions combining a small number of techniques might be most useful
–> also tailoring educational materials to individual increase effectiveness of behavioral interventions
What re the 3 aspects linked with behaviour in the behavior change wheel?
- capability
- motivation
- opportunity
How do we choose out BCT?
- Behavioural target specification
- Behavioural diagnosis
- Intervention strategy selection
- Implementation strategy selection
- Selection of specific BCTs
note:
cardiac rehabilitation
- gives talks about healthy eating, lifestyle adaptation
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