7a Cue Integration

Question 1

Briefly describe an everyday situation where metacognition influences individuals’ thinking or behavior

Answer 1

deciding whether to write a shopping list or be confident that you have all the items memorized before going grocery shopping

Question 2

In the context of metacognition, explain the role of monitoring & control

Answer 2

Between metacognition on the meta-level & cognition on the object level, monitoring & control are responsible for the flow of information
monitoring: assessing one’s own cognitions to get to metacognition
control: metacognitions regulate cognition & behavior

Question 3

According to Koriat’s Cue utilization approach, how do people form predictions about their future memory performance?

Answer 3

Based on probabilistic cues:
intrinsic cues (from the material itself): e.g. length of content
extrinsic cues (circumstances): e.g. how much time is available for studying?
-> directly (analytic inference, cue -> JOL)/indirect (non-analytic inference, Cue -> Mnemonic -> JOL): cues change how we experience learning processes
Mnemonic cue: how much fluency do we have during learning

Question 4

Describe the typical experimental paradigm used to test the effect of cues on judgements of learning (JOLs)

Answer 4

Study phase (e.g. 60 trials):
- a word is presented (IV: its concreteness/font size)
- “How likely is it you will remember (1-100)” (JOL)
- fixation cross
Distractor task (e.g. Raven Matrices)
Free Recall Test
DV: JOL, memory performance

Question 5

Which cues have been shown to affect judgements of learning (JOLs) in experiments using word lists? Name two examples

Answer 5

emotionality
concreteness
font size
word fluency

Question 6

What have empirical studies found regarding the use of single vs. multiple cues in judgements of learning (JOLs)?

Answer 6

Undorf et al 2018
cue integration: all cues ingluence JOL
-> highest JOL if several cues indicate higher JOL, lowest if several cues indicate lower