6 Memory for truth and falsity Flashcards

1
Q

What are similarities between Cartesian & Spinozan model of memory for truth & falsity?

A

2 stages: representation & assessment

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2
Q

What are differences between Cartesian & Spinozan model of memory for truth & falsity?

A

representation: Spinoza: true, Descartes: no tag
assessment: Spinoza: if needed: True tag changed to false, Descartes: true or false tag

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3
Q

Which model, Cartesian or Spinozan model of memory for truth & falsity has been confirmed to be more accurate in describing processes underlying memory for truth & falsity?

A

neither
Spinoza: evidence from experiment with statement: feedback (right/wrong) -> interruption
interruption => false information more often confused as true but not the other way around
Descardes: evidence from similar experiment -> no difference between rates

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4
Q

Define cognitive load/divided attention.

A

Cognitive load = amount of mental effort being used in the working memory
impacts memory => poorer recall & recognition
can change nature of encoding (less semantic)

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5
Q

What are examples of introducing cognitive load/divided attention in an experimental setting?

A

vary task complexity
provide varying amounts of material/trials to encode
vary time of presentation
use distraction/dual-task (multitasking)
induce stress
use simple reactions vs. complex reactions tasks (e.g. parity judgement (even/odd) for picture & tone

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6
Q

What is the effect of value in memory?

A

Items with high value are memorized better

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7
Q

How does the effect of value correspont with the effect of truth?

A

true items are assigned a higher value => are remembered better

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8
Q

Describe the value-directed remembering procedure.

A

Task consists of items to be remembered along with varying degrees of value
Participants are asked to prioritize memorizing higher value items over lower value
-> better memory performance for high value items (better than without value & better than for low value)
participants are sensitive for valu

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9
Q

What are two possible cognitive/neurocognitive mechanisms that drive the effect of value/the effect of truth?

A

more attentional ressources are allocated during the study phase to high value items
highly values items are processed on a deeper semantic level
value-directed remembering involves reward & activates dopaminergic brain regions

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