7.5 Respiratory System Flashcards

1
Q

pulmonary artery

A

carries deoxygenated blood from the right ventricle to the lungs

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2
Q

pulmonary vein

A

carries oxygenated blood from the lungs to the left atrium

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3
Q

pulmonary capillaries

A

surround the thin tissue membranes of the alveoli, is the site of gas exchange in blood

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4
Q

alveoli

A

air sacs in the lungs that are surrounded by a network of capillaries and provide space for gas exchange

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5
Q

nasal mucosa

A

warms, filters and moistens the air

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6
Q

pharynx

A

the membrane-lined cavity behind the nose and mouth, connecting them to the esophagus

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7
Q

internal respiration

A

gas exchange between the bloodstream and the cells of the body

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8
Q

inhalation

A

the act of taking in air as the diaphragm contracts and pulls downward

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9
Q

exhalation

A

the act of breathing out as the diaphragm relaxes

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10
Q

whooping cough

A

also known as pertussis, a bacterial upper respiratory infection characterized by uncontrollable coughing

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11
Q

cystic fibrosis

A

a genetic disorder that affects both the respiratory and digestive systems

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12
Q

asthma

A

a chronic disorder characterized by episodes of breathing difficulty due to constricted, narrowed, or obstructed airways

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13
Q

larynx

A

the hollow muscular organ forming an air passage to the lungs and holding the vocal cords, also known as the voice box

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14
Q

external respiration

A

gas exchange between the lungs and the blood

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15
Q

epiglottis

A

a flap of cartilage that covers the trachea while swallowing

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16
Q

pneumothorax

A

air in the pleural cavity causes pressure to build up, which prevents the lung from expanding and can cause it to collapse

17
Q

pulmonary embolism

A

a blood clot becomes lodged in the pulmonary artery, cutting off blood supply and damaging or destroying tissue

18
Q

tachypnea

A

rapid breathing

19
Q

bradypnea

A

slow breathing

20
Q

apnea

A

absence of breathing

21
Q

dyspnea

A

difficulty breathing, shortness of breath

22
Q

acute sinusitis

A

allergens or infections cause the mucus membranes to swell and become inflamed

23
Q

influenza

A

also known as the flu, a contagious disease caused by a viral infection of the respiratory tract

24
Q

upper respiratory tract

A

nasal cavity, pharynx and larynx

25
lower respiratory tract
trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, and lungs
26
acute bronchitis
infection and inflammation of bronchial airways causing a cough, shortness of breath, and wheezing
27
allergies
a reaction by your immune system to something that does not bother most other people
28
pneumonia
an infection of one or both lungs that can be caused by bacteria, virus, fungus, or inhaling a liquid or chemical
29
COPD
chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, usually caused by smoking, has two types - chronic bronchitis and emphysema, both of which cause shortness of breath
30
RPA
right pulmonary artery
31
PFT
pulmonary function test
32
PF
peak flow
33
PPD
purified protein derivative (used for a TB test)
34
CPAP
continuous positive airway pressure
35
NSAID
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug