7.4 Skeletal System

Question 0

⭐Axial skeleton

Answer 0

Forms the trunk of the body, includes skull vertebrae ribs and sternum

Question 1

⭐Appendicular skeleton

Answer 1

Forms the extremities; includes shoulder girdle, arm bones, pelvic girdle and leg bones.

Question 2

⭐Carpals

Answer 2

Bones that form the hand; does not include the metacarpals or phalanges

Question 3

⭐Clavicles

Answer 3

“Collarbone”; easiest bone in the body to break; between the manubrium of the sternum and the edge of the scapula.

Question 5

⭐Cranium

Answer 5

Spherical structure surrounds and protects

Answer 6

The long shaft of a long bone ex.femur contains the medullary canal

Answer 7

In long bones is the unreal membrane that lines the medullary canal and keeps the yellow marrow intact.

Answer 8

Two on each long bone at the ends are the proximal epiphyses distal epiphyses

Question 9

⭐Femur

Answer 9

Largest bone in the body bone of the “thigh”.

Question 10

⭐Fibula

Answer 10

The fine, slender bone of the lower leg, attaches to the proximal end of the tibia.

Answer 11

“soft spots” on the infant skull; spaces which allow for bone growth/skull enlargement.

Question 12

Foramina

Answer 12

Small “hole”/ opening in bones; allow blood vessels and nerves to pass through the bone layers.

Question 13

⭐Humerus

Answer 13

The bone of the upper arm.

Answer 14

Area at which two bones come together; typically joined by strong, fibrous bands of ligaments; surfaces of two bones often covered with articular cartilage; 3 main types.

Answer 15

Connective tissue bands that holds Long bones Together at joints three types) diarthrosis/synovial (b) amphiathrosis (c) synarthrosis.

Answer 16

a cavity in the diaphysis shaft of a long

Question 17

⭐Metatarsals

Answer 17

Five bones that from the instep of the foot.

Question 18

⭐Metacarpals

Answer 18

Five bones that form the palm of the hand,

Question 20

⭐Ox coxae

Answer 20

Two coxal/hip bones) which join with the sacrum at the dorsal back of the body.

Question 21

⭐Patella

Answer 21

Kneecap

Answer 23

Outside of the bone; covered with tough membrane; contains bone vessels, lymph vessels and osteoblasts (from new cells).

Answer 24

From the thumb and fingers: 3 per finger: 2 per thumb

Question 25

⭐Radius

Answer 25

Bone of the forearm/ lower arm on the thumb side; rotates around the ulna to allow the hand to turn freely.

Answer 26

Found in the vertebrae, ribs, sternum and cranium, proximal ends/ ephysis of human and femun produces red blood cells(RBCs/erythrocytes), platelets (thrombocytes), and some white blood cells (WBCs, aleukocytes).

Answer 28

3 types: true ribs(attached to sternum in front); flalse ribs (attached at base of sternum with cartilage); floating ribs (do not attach to strernum; protect kidneys).

Question 29

⭐Scapula

Answer 29

2 shoulder bones; provide attachment for the arms; clavicle and rest atop front of a scapula.

Answer 30

Air spaces inside the skull lined with membranes

Question 31

⭐Skeletal system

Answer 31

206 bones.

Question 32

⭐Sternum

Answer 32

Breastbone; 3 parts manubrium at top; body of the sternum in center (used in CPR); xiphoid process (triangular,body projection) at the distal end.

Question 33

⭐Vertebrae-

Answer 33

26 bones of the back/ axial skeleton that protect the spinal cord; 7 cervical (neck); 12 thoracic (chest); 5 lumber (lower back).

Answer 34

Unique joints found only in the skull; have no cartilage.

Question 35

⭐Tarsals

Answer 35

7 bones of the ankle and heel.

Question 36

⭐Ulna

Answer 36

Lower arm/ forearm bone with “olercanon process”= true “funny bone” of the elbow.

Answer 37

Soft tissue in the diaphysis of the long bones.

Answer 38

Slightly movable joint;m ex. attachments of the ribs to thoracic vertebrae

Answer 39

2 types: rheumatoid and osteoarthritis- both inflame the joints and destroy joint tissue over time

Question 40

Fractures

Answer 40

.

Answer 41

Inflammation of the bursae (small, fluid-filled sacs surrounding the joints).

Answer 42

When a bone is forcibly displaced from the joint.

Answer 43

(See chapter/ handout for types) p 162: green stick closed, Open/ Compound, Impacted

Answer 44

Immovable; ex., suture joints of the cranium.

Question 45

⭐Tibia

Answer 45

Thick, though weight bearing bone of the lower leg; “shin” bone.

Answer 46

Twisting action that tears a ligament (s) at a joint ex., ankle.

Answer 47

Bone inflammation caused by a pathogenic organism usually a bacteria- treated with antibiotics.

Answer 48

Increased porosity/ softening of bone predominantly in slender, fair- skinned females; can occur

Answer 58

Free removable joints; ex. ball joints & socket joints of hip and shoulder; hinge joins of elbow and knee.