7.3 Integumentary System Flashcards
Sebaceous glands
open onto hair follicles; produce sebum which keeps the skin and hair from being dry & brittle.
Sudoriferous glands
coiled tubes that extend through the dermis; open to the skin surface via pores
Alopecia
baldness; permanent loss of hair on the scalp
Protection (function 1:7)
serves as a barrier to UV (ultra-violet) rays and pathogens; retains moisture.
Sensory perception (function 2:7)
nerves in skin help response to pain, pressure, temperature and touch.
Body temperature regulation
(FUNCTION 3:7) blood vessels dilate (open larger) to allow heat to escape via skin or constrict (narrow) to hold heat in the body.
Storage (Function 4:7)
Skin tissues can store fat (adipose), glucose (water) subcutaneous
Absorption (function5:7)
Transdermal medications can be from patches of medication placed on the skin .
Excretion (Function 7:7)
Skin assist the body with elimination of wastes, I.e., salt, minute wastes (ex from urine), excess water water and heat via perspiration.
Dermis
Inner layer of skin corium true skin connective tissue
Subcutaneous fascia
Innermost layer of skin made of last fibrous connective & adipose tissue stations connect the skin to muscle
Melanin
Brownish-black pigment in skin produce by melanocytes cells; gives Color.
Albino
A person who lacks melanin/ color pigments. Has pinkish skin, pale yellow or white hair.
Erythema
A reddish color to skin either by burns or a congestion of blood in the vessels.
Jaundice
Yellow color in the skin results from bile in the bloodstream from gallbladder disease or liver disease. May also occur with destruction of a red blood cell.
Cyanosis
Blue discoloration to skin due to insufficient oxymgen; due to chronic poisoning usually causes a brown or gray skin discoloration.
Macules
Macular rash flat spots on skin. (Ex.,freckles)
Pustules
Pus(micro-organism lymph fluid)- filled sacs, such as this seen in acne, pimples or impetigo.
Crust
Areas of dried pus and blood, commonly called scabs.
Wheals
Itchy, elevated/ raised areas with an irregular shape insect bites
Ulcer
Deep loss of skin that may extend down into the dermis of the skin.
Acne vulgaris
Hormonal changes & increase sebum cause blackheads, papules and pustules on the skin surface
PRODUCTION (FUNCTION 7:7)
Skin uses UV (ultraviolet) rays from the sun to form an initial molecule of Vitamin D (which then matures in the liver).
ATHLETE’S FOOT
Fungus infection that usually affects the feet (may also cause “jock itch” between the scrotum and the body). Skin reddens, itches, blisters and cracks open into sores. Must treat with anti-fungal medication; prevent by keeping areas clean and DRY.
SKIN CANCER
Basal cell carcinoma (in basal cells of epidermis). Squamous cell carcinoma begins in the epidermis and spreads. Melanoma starts in the melanocytes of the epidermis. (most dangerous type)
DERMATITIS
Inflammation of the skin; caused by any substance that irritates the skin. ex., poison ivy, poison sumac and poison oak.
ECZEMA
Noncontagious, inflammatory skin disorder; cause: allergen or irritant. Symptoms: dryness, edema, itching, vesicles, crusts and scaling.
IMPETIGO
Highly contagious skin infection; usually caused by Streptococci or Staphylococci bacteria. Symptoms: erythema, oozing vesicles, pustules and yellow crusts. Treatment: antibiotics.
PSORIASIS
noncontagious skin disease; periods of symptoms and remission of symptoms. May be hereditary cause. Symptoms: thick, red areas of skin covered with white or silver scales. No cure, but treatment: cortisone, UV light, scale removal.
RINGWORM
(Tinea) Highly contagious fungal infection. (NOT a worm!) Symptom: flat or raised circular area with clear center and raised, itchy, scaly, crusty, outer ring. Treatment: anti-fungal.
VERRUCAE
(Warts) – caused by virus. “Plantar” warts caused at pressure points on sole of foot.
Warts may go into remission and resurfaces during stress on the immune system. Treatment: removal by a variety of mean.
