7.4 Capacity Emergencies Flashcards
Which statuses are issued for Capacity Excess emergencies?
Advisories and Alerts only
Which statuses are issued for Capacity Shortage emergencies?
Alerts, Warnings, and Actions
no advisories
What are the 4 types of Capacity Shortage alerts?
- Unit Startup Notification Alert
- Maximum Generation Emergency Alert
- Primary Reserve Alert
- Voltage Reduction Alert
Unit Startup Notification Alert: purpose and trigger?
purpose: to place generating units in readiness to be brought on w/in 48 hours.
trigger: reliability assessment determines long lead time generation needed for a future period
Maximum Generation/Load Management Alert: purpose and trigger?
Purpose: Provide early alert that emergency procedures might be required.
Trigger: Operating Reserve Requirement > scheduled Operating Reserve
should be issued 1+ days prior to operating day
Primary Reserve Alert: purpose and trigger?
Purpose: to alert of anticipated shortage of operating reserve capacity for future period.
Trigger: When estimated operating reserve < forecasted Primary Reserve Requirement
Voltage Reduction Alert: purpose and trigger?
Purpose: to alert members that a voltage reduction action may be required in a future critical period
Trigger: Estimated operating reserve capacity < forecasted synchronous reserve requirement
What are the 3 Capacity Emergency Warnings?
- Primary Reserve Warning
- Voltage Reduction Warning & Reduction of Non-Critical Plant Load
- Manual Load Dump Warning
Primary Reserve Warning
Issued when Primary Reserve is less than Primary Reserve Requirement and present operations are becoming critical
Trigger: Primary Reserve < Primary Reserve Requirement (150% of largest single contingency), but greater than Synchronized Reserve Requirement (100% of largest single contingency)
Voltage Reduction Warning
Warning that Synchronized Reserves are less than required and a voltage reduction may be necessary. \
Trigger: Synchronized Reserves < Synchronized Reserve Requirement (100% of largest single contingency)
Curtailment of Non-Essential Building Load
Purpose: to provide addnl’ relief to be expedited prior to or during a Voltage Reduction Action
Manual Load Dump Warning
Purpose: warn of increasingly critical system conditions that may require manually dumping load
Trigger: Primary reserve < largest operating generating unit, or loss of transmission facility jeopardizes reliability after all measures have been taken to increase reserves
