7.3.2 Esters Flashcards

1
Q

Naming Esters

A
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2
Q

Uses of Esters

A
  • Fragrances (fruity smell)
  • Flavourings
  • Plasticisers (increase flexibility of polymers, penetrates layers between polymer chains, reduces polar bonds by increasing distance between them, allowing chains to slide over each other)
  • Solvents (cheap, low volatility, low toxicity)
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3
Q

What esters are naturally occurring?

A
  • Triglycerides in animal fat and olive oil
  • 1 glycerol molecule and 3 fatty acids
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4
Q

How can esters be used to test for alcohols?

A
  • Unknown substance warmed with carboxylic acid in presence of concentrated sulphuric acid
  • Excess acid neutralised by adding warm aqueous sodium carbonate
  • Pungent vinegary smell should go away
  • If remaining mixture has sweet smell, it is an ester, proving presence of an alcohol
  • Warm solution causes ester to evaporate so sweet smell is easily detected
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