7.3 Learning And Memory Flashcards
What is working memory?
Short-term memory which we reason with. Get rid of most of info unless its important
What is habituation?
When you are aware of sensory input which is repeated continuously and doesn’t cause harm, so as a result you no longer detect the sensation, eg. Heart being sound
What is sensitisation?
Sensitising to a particular stimulus, overrides habituation
What is classical conditioning?
Pavlov and his dogs
What is operant conditioning?
Skinner-a behaviours becomes associated wth a positive or negative stimulus, eg. A dog coming when you give food
What is procedural?
Reflexive memories, eg. How to pick up a pencil. We just do it, don’t need to specifically decide which muscles to activate
What are the 5 types of implicit memory?
Habituation, sensitisation, classical conditioning, operant conditioning, procedural
What is the central executive subdivision?
works our timing of everything, determines what’s important remember
What are the 3 subdivisions of the prefrontal cortex?
- central executive
- phonological loop
- spatiotemporal sketchpad
What is the phonological loop?
where digits are stored
What is the spatiotemporal/visuospatial sketchpad/
storage of visual info and where it fits in space, proprioceptice
What is explicit memory (aka declarative memory)
can describe it into words
What are the divisions of explicit memory?
semantic and episodic memory
What does explicit memory need?
hippocampal formation
Where is explicit memory stored?
neocortex once consolidated (memories get stronger here)
Why is the hippocampus important?
forms explicit memory, known because the it is removed, the person cannot create long term memories
What is the neocortex?
where sensory function is detected
What is semantic memory
meaning of things, eg. words, sights, sounds
What is episodic memory?
mems of what happened
what is semantic dementia?
can’t recognise difference between people, damage to neocortex
what is episodic dementia?
alzheimers - occurs in hippocampus, ppl repeat themselves continuously
how does PTSD happen?
single fear memory stored for a very long time
the person will have the memory replayed over and over until it becomes a long-term memory
What are the basic mechanisms involved in formation of memory?
strengthening of synapses as result from prior activity
What happens if you don’t recall information?
if you don’t recall it in a month, the hippocampus will remove it
What is Hebb’s theory?
if there’s a network of neurons and only a few were active to a certain stimulus, then activity will activate other neurons in the system so that it will remember the pattern of activity
Why is sleep required for memory storage?
slow wave and REM sleep involved with consolidation of memory
Where is the hippocampus located?
Located medially in the temporal lobe
When is the hippocampus active?
During explicit memory consolidation
