7.2 The Axial Skeletal system

Question 1

The wrist bones are generally cube-shaped; as a result, they are classified as

Answer 1

Short Bones

Question 2

The sternum and the ribs would be classified as

Answer 2

The sternum and ribs are examples of flat bones. These thin bones function in protection and serve as attachment surfaces for muscles.

Question 3

What type of bone is seen most frequently in the appendages (upper limb and lower limb)?

Answer 3

Long bones are the most common bones found in the appendicular skeleton. Examples of long bones include humerus, ulna, radius, femur, tibia, fibula, metacarpals, metatarsals, and phalanges.

Question 4

A vertebra would be classified as
Select answer from the options below
irregular bones.
short bones.
flat bones.
long bones.

Answer 4

Irregular bones

Question 5

You’re looking at a bone that has a diaphysis and two epiphyses. What kind of bone is this?
Select answer from the options below - Correct!
Long bone
Flat bone
Irregular bone
Short bone

Answer 5

Long Bones

Long bones are longer than they are wide and have a diaphysis (shaft) and a variable number of epiphysis (ends). Examples of long bones include the humerus, ulna, radius, femur, tibia, fibula, metacarpals, metatarsals, and phalanges.

Question 6

If the palatine processes of the maxillary bones fail to unite during embryonic development, a condition arises called
Select answer from the options below - Correct!
deviated nasal septum.
TMJ dysfunction.
cleft palate.
sinusitis.

Answer 6

Cleft palate

Question 7

Identify which of the following bones are paired.
Select answer from the options below - Correct!
Vomer
Hyoid
Nasal bones
Mandible

Answer 7

Nasal Bones

Question 8

How many facial Bones?

Answer 8

14
`There are pairs (2 each) of the nasal bones, zygomatic bones, maxillae, lacrimal bones, palatine bones, and inferior nasal concha bones. The mandible, hyoid, and the vomer are unpaired

Question 9

Which of the following is a paired skull bone that helps form the face?
Select answer from the options below - Incorrect!
parietal
mandible
lacrimal
vomer

Answer 9

The paired lacrimal bones are facial bones that form a portion of the medial wall of both orbits. The parietal bones are also paired, but they form part of the cranial cavity and not the face. The vomer and the mandible are facial bones, but they are single bones

Question 10

Which of the following should not be grouped in the same category as the other bones listed?

Answer 10

The frontal, ethmoid, and sphenoid bones are cranial bones, while zygomatic bones are facial bones.

Question 11

Which of the following is a paired skull bone that functions to protect the brain?
Select answer from the options below - Incorrect!
parietal
occipital
sphenoid
zygomatic

Answer 11

Parietal Bone

Question 12

Identify which of the following facial bones are unpaired.
Select answer from the options below - Correct!
Zygomatic
Vomer
Palatine
Lacrimal

Answer 12

There are 14 facial bones. There are pairs (2 each) of the nasal bones, zygomatic bones, maxillae, lacrimal bones, palatine bones, and inferior nasal concha bones. The mandible and the vomer are unpaired.

Question 13

Which of the following is the first secondary curve of the vertebral column to develop?
Select answer from the options below - Correct!
sacral
lumbar
cervical
thoracic

Answer 13

when an infant begins to hold its head erect, the anteriorly convex cervical curve develops

Question 14

If you examine a vertebra and determine it contains three foramina, which type of vertebra must it be?
Select answer from the options below - Correct!
sacral
thoracic
cervical
lumbar

Answer 14

Cervical

The cervical vertebrae contains three foramina, one vertebral and two transverse, which allow the passage of the spinal cord, vertebral artery, vertebral vein, and nerve fibers. The thoracic and lumbar vertebrae each have one vertebral foramina.

Question 15

The vertebral column consists of?

Answer 15

bone and connective tissue;

Question 16

the spinal cord that it surrounds and protects consist of ?

Answer 16

nervous and connective tissue

Question 17

the adult vertebral column typically contains? 26 vertebrae

Answer 17

26 vertebrae

Question 18

Are the sacral and Coxxylegeal movable vertebras?

Answer 18

No the are not, only cervical, thoracic, and lumbar

Question 19

Which normal curves are convex

Answer 19

cervical and lumbar curves

Question 20

Which normal cubes are concave?

Answer 20

thoracic and sacral curves are concave

Question 21

Later, when the child sits up, stands, and walks, which part of the vertebrae convex

the anteriorly convex lumbar curve devel- ops.

Answer 21

the anteriorly convex lumbar curve devel- ops.

Question 22

Each disc of the intervertebral discs consist of

Answer 22

fibrocartilage called the annulus fibrosus

Question 23

Inside of the annulus fibrosis is a

Answer 23

Nucleus Pulposus

Question 24

Which of the following vertebral processes are used to form joints with other vertebrae?
Select answer from the options below - Correct!
superior and inferior articulars
spinous and superior articular
transverse and superior articular
transverse and inferior articular

Answer 24

The two superior articular processes of a vertebra articulate with the two inferior articular processes of the vertebra located directly above it. Similarly, the two inferior articular processes of a vertebra articulate with the two superior articular processes of the vertebra below it.`

Question 25

Which of the normal curves of the vertebral column is the last to develop?
Select answer from the options below - Correct!
thoracic
cervical
lumbar
sacral

Answer 25

Lumbar

Question 26

The vertebra, ____, has a process called a dens that allows for rotational movement.
Select answer from the options below - Correct!
T1
C2
C1
C7

Answer 26

C2
The second cervical vertebra also called C2 and the axis, contains a projection on its anterior side called the dens (or odontoid process) where the skull and the first cervical vertebra (C1 or the atlas) connect and form a pivot point that allows the head to rotate such as to signify “no.”

Question 27

Where can you find short bones

Answer 27

Carpel (wrist) and tarsals (ankles)

Question 28

Are short bones mostly compact or spongy bone?

Answer 28

They consist of both compact and spongy bone. However they are more spongy and have a thin layer of compact bone on the outer surfaces.

Question 29

How are the appearances of flat bones?

Answer 29

Thin and have nearly parallel sides

Question 30

Flat bone function?

Answer 30

Flat bones afford considerable protection and provide extensive areas
for muscle attachment.

Question 31

flat bones

Answer 31

Flat bones include the cranial bones, which
protect the brain; the sternum (breastbone) and ribs, which protect
organs in the thorax; and the scapulae (shoulder blades).