7.2 Genotypes and Phenotypes Flashcards
What is a genotype?
An individuals unique set of alleles, which are responsible for a particular trait.
What is a phenotype?
An organisms observable characteristics/traits
What is an example of a phenotype?
Observable traits - skin tanning, eye color, freckles, blood type
What is an example of a genotype?
The encoding of eye color.
What is co-dominance?
In co-dominance the full phenotypic expression of both alleles is observed
What is an example of co-dominance?
The ABO human blood system group. Both A and B antigens are present on the surface of red blood cells in type AB blood, neither phenotype is truly dominant, thus called co-dominant.
What is incomplete dominance?
When neither phenotype is completely dominant and intermediate phenotypes occur (inbetween).
What is considered monogenic?
Phenotypes that are determined using one set of genes. These traits have predictable inheritance patterns and a smaller range of phenotypes than polygenic traits.
What are polygenic traits?
Traits that have more than one gene contributing to a phenotype.
What is an allele?
A “version” of a particular gene - for the gene that controls eye colour there are alleles for brown, blue, green, etc.
