7.2 Brain

Question 1

The Brain

Answer 1

-contains 10 Billion neurons
-contains 1.2-1.4L of volume
-Controls and regulates body functions

Question 2

MRI

Answer 2

Magnetic resonance Imaging
-Can be used to image the brain showing different types of tissue
-used to indicate tumors or brain injuries

Question 3

FMRI

Answer 3

Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging
-indicates blood flow in the brain
-can be used to diagnose stroke or disease.

Question 4

Cerebrum

Answer 4

-comprises 80% of the brain
-folded to increase surface area
-Processes sensory information (senses).
-Complex thought processes
-Voluntary movement

Question 5

sides of the cerebrum

Answer 5

-Right hemisphere controls movement of the left side of the body, and vice versa.
-These spheres can work independently, but most tasks require both hemispheres to work together.
-Left has more control of logical thinking or language,
-Right manages emotional, creative, music and art.

Question 6

Cerebrum cortex

Answer 6

-The outer layer of the cerebrum
-The cerebrum is highly folded, giving it a high surface area and a higher quantity of neurons
-The ridges are called gyri, and the troughs are called sulci

Question 7

frontal lobe

Answer 7

Frontal lobe: controls movement, higher order thinking, reasoning, problem solving and emotion.

Question 8

Parietal lobe

Answer 8

contains the primary somatosensory cortex –processes sense of touch.

Question 9

Occipital lobe

Answer 9

contains the primary visual cortex –processes visual information.

Question 10

Temporal lobe

Answer 10

contains the primary auditory cortex – processes sound in left hemisphere and is responsible for language and speech

Question 11

Cerebellum

Answer 11

The cerebellum is responsible for coordination and balance.

Question 12

The medulla / brainstem

Answer 12

The medulla / brainstem is section connecting the brain to the spinal cord.
It is responsible for monitoring vital functions:
breathing
blood pressure
heart rate
Damage to it can be fatal.

Question 13

Protecting the brain and spinal cord

Answer 13

Due to the importance of these structures, both the brain and spinal cord are encased in bone.
The brain is encased in the cranium, spinal cord in the vertebrae.
They are also both suspended in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) to provide nutrients and absorb shock.