7.17 Handling Safety Precautions Flashcards
What is aircraft taxiing?
The controlled movement of an aircraft under its own power
What does towing with a tug require?
A towing arm/bar attached to the nose wheel of the aircraft
What can be used to tow smaller aircraft?
Hand-operated and self-powered trolleys or manual pushing
What is used to steer the aircraft during towing?
Towing bar/arm
What does FOD stand for?
Foreign Object Damage
What are the 2 types of FOD?
- External
- Internal
What are examples of external FOD?
- Bird strikes
- Hail
- Ice
- Sandstorms
- Ash-clouds
- Objects left on the runway
What are examples of internal FOD?
- Items left in the cockpit that interfere with flight safety by getting tangled in control cables, jam moving parts, or short-out electrical connections
- Tools left inside the aircraft after manufacturing or servicing
What do tools used for manufacturing have and why?
They are tagged with a serial number so if found they can be traced
What caused the Air France Flight 4590 (Concorde) flight to crash in July 2000?
FOD dropped by a Continental DC-10 flight that departed 4 minutes before
What is the responsibility of the aircraft marshaller?
To safely guide the aircraft to its designated parking spot
Who makes the decision when an aircraft is being marshalled?
The person towing or taxiing must obey the signals, but they have the final decision on whether to follow the signal or not
Where must the marshaller be standing when marshalling?
Fixed-wing aircraft - on left side of aircraft, where best seen by the pilot; and
Helicopters - where the marshaller can best be seen by the pilot.
What must the marshaller wear and why?
A distinctive fluorescent identification vest to allow the flight crew to identify that he or she is the person responsible for the marshalling operation
What must be used for signalling by the marshaller?
Day - Daylight fluorescent-coloured wands, table-tennis bats or gloves
Night or low visibility - Illuminated wands
What is the maximum steering angle?
+/- 70 degrees
How else may the aircraft be steered?
Differential use of the LH and RH landing gear brakes
What are the safety precautions when taxiing?
- Ensure that the undercarriage is locked and ground lock pins fitted.
- Ensure the brake system is serviceable and pressurised to operate the brakes, checked when first moving the aircraft.
- Tyres are inflated to the correct pressures.
- Ensure the correct number of personnel are available.
- Ensure that the Airport Air Traffic Control (ATC) and/or ground control are fully aware of the aircraft movement and times.
- Ensure that a suitably type trained and qualified licensed aircraft engineer is in the flight deck for engine start-up/taxiing & radio operations.
- Ensure the nose wheel steering is connected or engaged to ensure full control.
- Ensure the route to be taken is planned and call signs for each location known and a map of the airport must be at hand either in hard copy or soft copy through the aircraft systems.
- Nav lights and beacons must be on.
- Ensure at the arrival point that fully briefed personnel are available to ensure aircraft safety from fixed objects (i.e. observers for wings and tail).
What are towbars used to do?
Attach a towing vehicle to the aircrafts nose landing gear
What are the ways of towing a tail wheel aircraft?
Either getting a towbar that attached to both from wheels, or pulling the aircraft in reverse via the tail wheel
What loads are towbars designed to take?
Tensile
What loads are towbars not designed to take?
Torsional or Twisting
What is installed to avoid a snatching movement being transmitted into the aircraft structure?
A shock absorber system
What does a shear pin prevent?
Prevents excessive loads from occurring between the tractor and the nose landing gear
