7.17 Flashcards
Who prescribes the marshalling signals used by a marshaller for a pilot to follow ?
ICAO - Annex 2
When must illuminated wands be used to marshal an aircraft ?
At night or in low visibility
What controls aircraft turning while taxing ?
Tiller
What is the max steering angle that an aircraft’s nose wheel can turn ?
+/- 70 degrees
( if nose wheel isn’t available the aircraft can be turned by the LH and RH wheel brakes )
Which direction does an aircraft equipped with a tricycle generally Be towed in ?
Forwards
How can the wheels on a tow bar be raised when attached to aircraft and tug ?
Hydraulic pump.
What does a towbarless tug use to lift the aircraft’s nose ?
Hydraulic actuators
When would you use bridle (cable) towing ?
Where the aircraft is positioned is very boggy or uneven.
Where should you attach a bridle cable to tow aircraft out of bog ?
Main landing gear
What’s the procedure when towing an aircraft out of bog using bridle cables when it has no tow attach points on the main gear ?
Cable passed around legs and then attach to separate tugs on main landing gear. Steering arm attached to nose gear.
How fast should a tug speed be if towing an aircraft in an enclosed space such as a hangar or in between buildings ?
Walking pace.
Does the plane or the tugs brakes stop the aircraft when towing ?
Planes
What must the steering scissors be set to when towing an aircraft with steerable nose wheels.
Full swivel then reset after.
How far should the locking collar be on a jack when operating from the top of the jack ?
1 inch
When would you use an axle jack ?
To lift one of the landing gears for wheel changes or gear maintenance
What chapter in the AMM covers aircraft jacking ?
Chapter 7
What do light aircraft have at the end of the empennage ?
Tie down ring.
Are personnel allowed inside of aircraft during jacking procedures ?
No
Why can shoring ( trestling ) be necessary on an aircraft while jacking ?
To relieve loads on structure.
If an aircraft comes fitted with a spirit level, What position should the bubble be moved to show that the aircraft is level ?
D4 position
What’s the term in aviation which means aircraft servicing ?
Mooring.
( found in chapter 10 )
How much slack should be provided on the rope when tying down light aircraft in case they get wet and shrink ?
25mm
What chapter in the AMM holds information about aircraft parking and storage ?
Chapter 10
To protect the APU when an aircraft is in storage, what is placed in the exhaust ducts to prevent moisture and insects ingressing
Sensors and probes.
( protective caps )
What must happen to the fuel levels in the tank of an aircraft when in storage to prevent microbiological corrosion ?
They must be full
What happens to the seats of an aircraft to prevent the UV light from damaging them when an aircraft is in storage ?
Covered over
When an aircraft is In storage how often should it be visually inspected ?
7 and 15 day intervals.
( tyre pressure should be checked for periods longer than 20 months. )
What aircraft systems may require functional tests when stored ?
Nose steering
Braking systems
Engines and APU
Air conditioning systems
What can happen if you use adhesive tape on an aircraft which is in storage ?
Paint can discolour or transfer.
What does the oil in the APU or engines be replaced with to prevent corrosion ?
Corrosion inhibitors.
What can replace or be mixed with the fuel to prevent corrosion from forming ?
Inhibitors
What the two categories for aviation fuel ?
Aviation gas
Turbine fuels
How is aviation gas graded ?
It’s octane number.
What’s the grade of red, green and blue aviation gas ?
Red - 80
Green - 100
Blue - 100LL ( low leaded )
What’s the 3 types of turbine fuels and their freeze points ?
Jet A - 40 degrees
Jet A-1 - 47 degrees
Jet B - 50 degrees
( all turbine fuels are colourless )
What’s the two types of fuelling methods ?
Gravity
Pressure
What’s the re-fuelling pressure ?
50psi
( 1000 gallons per minute )
What’s the de-fuelling pressure ?
11 psi
Can drained fuel be reused ?
No but if there is a concession in a company’s procedure then they can on there own aircraft.
What can possibly happen when de fuelling ?
Aircraft’s CG is moved and could cause tail to tip or over stress the wings.
What must the aircraft and fuel truck be before re - fuelling ?
Grounded
How much should the safety zone around fuel tank ( NACA ) extend by when refuelling ?
3m
How far should no smoking signs be placed from refuel zones ?
15m
When an aircraft is in a Cold-soak configuration, what temp dos it have to be bellow ?
0 degrees
What temp does the airframe have to range in indorder for airframe icing to form ?
0 - minus 10 degrees
( if temp is below -20 then the moisture is already frozen in the atmosphere meaning is less likely to accumulate on aircraft surfaces )
Whats de - icing ?
Procedure to remove ice
( de-icing fluids are heated )
Whats anti - icing ?
Procedure to protect surfaces from ice forming for a limited amount of time. ( holdover time )
Whats the two methods when de-icing and anti-icing ?
One step method - mix de-icing and anti-icing fluids and apply to aircraft a one.
Two step method - de-ice aircraft the immediately follow with anti-ice fluids.
Whats the 4 types of de-icing and anti-icing fluids ?
Type 1 - used for de-icing
Type 2 - used for anti-icing
Type 3 - used for low aircraft
Type 4 - same as type 2 but have a higher holdover time.
( water can be added to extend holdover times )
How long do you have after de-icing an aircraft to apply anti-ice before de-icing fluids begin to freeze ?
3 minutes
When does the holdover time start on a one-step de-icing process ?
From the start of the application
When does the holdover time start On a two-step de-icing and anti-icing process ?
Start of the anti-icing application.
What must an anti-fluid code include ?
Type of fluid,
Percentage of fluid to water,
Time application began
Whats the DC supply for an aircraft ?
28vdc
How many pins does a DC GPU have ?
3 pins
1 positive pin
2 negative pin
3 earth pin
What’s the AC supply for an aircraft ?
155 Vac
Does a battery powered GPU have a AC or DC power supply ?
DC ( batteries )
( can last for 10-12 aircraft Turn arounds )
How much volts does a utility GPU supply ?
110-220 vac
When would you use a hydraulic ground supply ?
Where the aircraft isn’t In a position to run the APU or engines and you need hydraulic pressure to perform maintenance.
( driven through diesel engine )
What is a pneumatic ground air unit used for ?
To provide small amounts of pressure which can start engines and heat and cool the plane.
( consists of a APU )
What can be placed around the wheel to stop snow from freezing the wheels to the ground ?
Sand - but only around wheels and no where else as the engines could suck it up.
What should replace all water and waste systems in cold weather ?
Anti freeze solution.
What can hot weather cause on an aircraft’s take-off and landing distances ?
Become longer due to low density air.
