7.1 Personality Flashcards
What is the definition of personality?
individual pattern of thinking, feeling, and behavior associated with each person
What does the psychoanalytic theory of personality state?
personality is shaped by a person’s unconscious thoughts, feelings, and memories
According to the psychoanalytic theory of personality, what are the two instinctual drives that motivate human behavior?
libido
death instinct
What is libido?
life instinct; drives behaviors focused on survival, growth, creativity, pain avoidance, and pleasure
What is the death instinct?
drives aggressive behaviors fueled by an unconscious will to die or hurt oneself or others
According to psychoanalytic theory, what are the three personality components that function together?
- id
- ego
- superego
What is id?
source of energy and instincts that is ruled by the pleasure principle
What is ego?
uses logical thinking and planning to control consciousness and the id
What is the superego?
inhibits the id and influences the ego to follow moralistic and idealist goals rather than just realistic goals
What is anxiety?
the feeling of dread or tension that is a warning of potential danger and occurs when a person begins to become aware of repressed feelings, memories, desires, or experience
What is the ego defense mechanism?
unconsciously denying or distorting reality used to cope with anxiety
What are Freud’s psychosexual stages?
- oral stage
- anal stage
- phallic stage
- latency stage
- genital stage
What is the oral stage of Freud’s psychosexual stages?
child seeks sensual pleasure through oral activities such as sucking and chewing
What is the anal stage of Freud’s psychosexual stages?
child seeks sensual pleasures through control of elimination
What is the phallic stage of Freud’s psychosexual stages?
child seeks sensual pleasure through the genitals
What is the latency stage of Freud’s psychosexual stages?
sexual interests subside and are replaced by interests in other areas such as school, friends, and sports
What is the genital stage of Freud’s psychosexual stages?
begins in adolescence when sexual themes resurface and a person’s life/sexual energy fuels activities such as friendships, art, sports and career
What are the 8 stages of Erikson’s psychosocial stages?
- trust versus mistrust
- autonomy versus shame
- initiative versus guilt
- industry versus inferiority
- identity versus role confusion
- intimacy versus isolation
- generativity versus stagnation
- integrity versus despair
What is humanistic theory?
humans are seen as inherently good and having free will rather than having their behavior determined by their early relationships
What is actualizing tendency?
innate drive to maintain and enhance the organism
