7. UE - Osteology

Question 1

The shoulder girdle is composed of what two bones?

Answer 1

Clavicle and Scapula

Question 2

What does the Scapula articulate with?

Answer 2

Articulates with the Manubrium of the Sternum and Acromion of the Scapula

Question 3

The ______ is one of the most fractured bones due to direct and indirect injuries received by falling. Fractures in younger children are often incomplete and referred to as a _______ fracture.

Answer 3

• Clavicle

- “Greenstick”

Question 4

The most common fracture site on the Humerus is at the _______. The ________ is also susceptible to avulsion by the Supraspinatus, Infraspinatus and Teres minor Ms. that insert there.

Answer 4

• Surgical Neck

- Greater Tubercle

Question 5

The upper extremity is comprised of which bones?

Answer 5

• Humerus
• Radius (thumb side)
• Ulna (pinky side)
• Carpals (8)
• Metacarpals (5)
• Proximal Phalanges
• Middle Phalanges
• Distal Phalanges

Question 6

What does the humerus articulate with?

Answer 6

Articulates proximally with the Glenoid Cavity of the Scapula and Distally with the Ulna and Radius bones

Question 7

The Groove for the _____ houses the ______ and when compressed is painful. This is the origin of the expression _______ relating to the presence of the ______ in this groove on the Humerus.

Answer 7

• Ulnar N.
• Ulnar N.
• “funny-bone”
• Ulnar N.

(humorous = funny).

Question 8

Severe abduction of the extended elbow, an abnormal movement at this joint, can result in Avulsion of the __________.

Answer 8

Medial humeral Epicondyle

Question 9

What does the ulna articulate with?

Answer 9

medial of the two Antebrachial bones, articulates with the Humerus and Radius proximally and the Radius distally

Question 10

Fracture of the _______, often referred to as “Fractured Elbow” is common in cases of falling, because of the forceful nature of the _______ this is considered an avulsion fracture and is difficult to repair.

Answer 10

• Olecranon

- Triceps Brachii M.

Question 11

What articulates the Radius?

Answer 11

lateral of the two Antebrachial bones; always on the thumb side, articulates with the Humerus and Ulna proximally and the Ulna and proximal row of Carpal bones distally

Question 12

Fractures of the Distal End of the _____ (from breaking falls) are common and are referred to as _____ fracture. The Styloid Process of the ____ is often also avulsed in this situation.

Answer 12

• Radius
• Colle’s
• Ulna

Question 13

What are the 8 carpal bones?

Answer 13

• Scaphoid
• Lunate
• Triquetrium
• Pisiform
• Trapezium
• Trapezoid
• Capitate
• Hamate

“Some Lovers Try Positions That They Can’t Handle” (lateral to medial)

Question 14

The _______ is the most commonly fractured Carpal Bone, and is usually the result of trying to break a fall, often the fracture in not visible on a radiograph and therefore misdiagnosed as a severe sprain. The distal fragment of bone is susceptible to _________ since it is usually separated from its blood supply.

Answer 14

• Scaphoid

- avascular necrosis

Question 15

The passage anterior to the Carpal Bones posterior to the Flexor Retinaculum is known as the Carpal Tunnel and transmits the tendons of the ______ and ________ as well as the _________ and ________. If swelling of the tendons occurs the _______ can be compressed resulting in Carpal Tunnel Syndrome, which produces parasthesia, anesthesia and pain.

Answer 15

• Flexor Digitorum Profundus
• Superficialis Ms.
• Flexor Carpi Radialis T.
• Median N.
• Median N.

Question 16

The depression between the ______ and ______ of the Hamate is known as the Ulnar Canal (________) and the ______ passes through this canal and is susceptible to compression, which manifests as loss of sensation and muscular weakness.

Answer 16

• Pisiform
• Hamulus
• Guyon Tunnel
• Ulnar N.

Question 17

The Head of the ___ Metacarpal is susceptible to fracture when an individual punches something with a closed fist, this condition is sometimes referred to as __________.

Answer 17

• 5th

- “Boxer’s Fracture”

Question 18

Fractures of the __________ are commonly the result of fingers being closed in a door, because of the intricate relationship between ________ and ________, bone fragments must be realigned carefully to maintain function.

Answer 18

• Distal Phalanges
• Phalanges
• flexor tendons

Question 19

The Glenoid Labrum commonly tears in individuals repeatedly throwing a ball, usually in response to a sudden contraction of the __________ and occurs in the _________ part of the Labrum.

Answer 19

• Biceps Brachii M.

- anterosuperior

Question 20

What are the 4 joints of the upper extremity?

Answer 20

• Sternoclavicular Joint
• Acromioclavicular Joint
• Glenoid Labrum
• Articular Disc of the Distal Radioulnar Joint

Question 21

Describe Sternoclavicular joint chondrology

Answer 21

Articular Disc (fibrocartilaginous disc in the joint space)

Question 22

Describe Acromioclavicular joint chondrology

Answer 22

Articular Disc (fibrocartilaginous disc in the joint space)

Question 23

Describe Glenoid Labrum joint chondrology

Answer 23

Fibrocartilaginous ring that surrounds and deepens the Glenoid Cavity

Question 24

Describe Articular Disc of the Distal Radioulnar Joint chondrology

Answer 24

Fibrocartilaginous disc extending between the medial edge of the Ulnar Notch of the Radius and the Styloid Process of the Ulna, sometimes called the Triangular L.