16. Development of Muscular/Skeletal System

Question 1

The skeletal muscle found in the trunk region of the body appears to be derived from which of the following cells?

A. Neural crest cells
B. Paraxial mesoderm
C. Lateral plate mesoderm
D. Somatic layer of mesoderm 
E. Splanchnic layer of mesoderm

Answer 1

B. Paraxial mesoderm

Question 2

Which of the following structures is not derived from the sclerotome portion of a somite?

A. Vertebral body
B. Vertebral arch
C. Sacrum
D. Notochord

Answer 2

D. Notochord

Question 3

Muscles develop from mesenchyme. The most likely exception to these are the:

A. Laryngeal muscles
B. Pilomotor muscles of the skin
C. Sphincter and dilator pupillae
D. Sphincters of the urogenital system 
E. Sphincters of the alimentary canal

Answer 3

C. Sphincter and dilator pupillae

Question 4

The dorsal portion of the myotome, the epimere, gives rise to the:

A. Extensor muscles of the vertebral column
B. Flexor muscles of the vertebral column
C. Flexor muscles of the limbs
D. Extensor muscles of the limbs
E. Extensor muscles of both the limbs and vertebral column

Answer 4

A. Extensor muscles of the vertebral column

Question 5

Which of the following structures are directly associated with the development of the intervertebral disk?

A. Primitive streak and notochord
B. Myotome and the sclerotome
C. Myotome and the dermatome
D. Dermatome and the myotome
E. Notochord and the sclerotome

Answer 5

E. Notochord and the sclerotome

Question 6

The splanchnic layer of the lateral plate mesoderm gives rise to the:

A. Visceral muscle
B. Muscles of the anterior abdominal wall
C. Kidney
D. Vertebral column
E. Nucleus pulposus

Answer 6

A. Visceral muscle

Question 7

An abnormality of the sclerotome could result in:

A. Poland syndrome
B. Prune-Belly syndrome
C. Pectus excavatum
D. Cervical rib
E. Pectus carinatum

Answer 7

D. Cervical rib