7 - Trellising, training and pruning Flashcards
What is the main objective of trellising in vineyards?
The main objective of trellising is to support the grapevines and ensure proper exposure to sunlight, air circulation, and ease of vineyard management.
What are the common materials used for trellising systems?
Common materials used for trellising systems include wood, metal (such as steel or aluminum), and durable synthetic materials.
What is the significance of selecting the right trellis system for a vineyard?
Selecting the right trellis system is significant because it impacts vine growth, fruit quality, yield, and the overall efficiency of vineyard management practices.
What are the key benefits of training grapevines?
The key benefits of training grapevines include improved sunlight exposure, better air circulation, reduced disease pressure, and easier management of vineyard operations.
What is the Guyot training system, and why is it popular?
The Guyot training system involves training the grapevine with one or two horizontal canes. It is popular because it allows for good air circulation and sunlight penetration.
What is the difference between single and double Guyot training systems?
Single Guyot training uses one cane, while double Guyot training uses two canes trained horizontally in opposite directions.
What are the benefits of the Vertical Shoot Positioning (VSP) system?
The benefits of the VSP system include optimal sunlight exposure, improved air circulation, easier canopy management, and better fruit quality.
How does the Geneva Double Curtain (GDC) training system differ from other systems?
The GDC training system involves splitting the canopy into two curtains, increasing sunlight exposure and airflow while reducing shading and improving fruit quality.
What are the advantages of using the Lyre training system in vineyards?
The Lyre training system divides the canopy into two arms, improving sunlight penetration, air circulation, and reducing disease pressure.
Why is the choice of trellis height important in vineyard management?
The choice of trellis height is important because it affects the ease of vineyard operations, including pruning, spraying, and harvesting.
What is the importance of regular pruning in vineyard management?
Regular pruning is important to control vine growth, ensure balanced fruit production, maintain vine health, and improve fruit quality.
What are spur pruning and cane pruning, and how do they differ?
Spur pruning involves cutting back shoots to short spurs with a few buds, while cane pruning retains longer canes with multiple buds for fruit production.
How does winter pruning benefit grapevines?
Winter pruning helps remove the previous season’s growth, prepares the vine for the upcoming growing season, and promotes balanced growth and fruiting.
What are the key considerations for summer pruning in vineyards?
Key considerations for summer pruning include maintaining optimal canopy density, improving sunlight exposure, reducing disease pressure, and managing crop load.
What is the purpose of canopy management in viticulture?
The purpose of canopy management is to optimize sunlight exposure, improve air circulation, reduce disease pressure, and enhance fruit quality.
How does leaf removal benefit grapevines?
Leaf removal benefits grapevines by increasing sunlight exposure to the fruit, improving air circulation, reducing disease pressure, and enhancing fruit ripening.
What is the significance of shoot thinning in vineyard management?
Shoot thinning is significant because it helps manage vine vigor, improve sunlight exposure, and ensure balanced fruit production.
How does crop thinning affect grapevine yield and fruit quality?
Crop thinning reduces the number of fruit clusters, ensuring that the remaining clusters receive adequate nutrients and sunlight, leading to improved fruit quality.
What is the role of vine balance in viticulture?
Vine balance refers to the equilibrium between vegetative growth and fruit production, essential for maintaining vine health, yield, and fruit quality.
What are some passive measures to reduce frost damage in vineyards?
Passive measures include selecting sites out of frost-prone areas, ensuring cold air can drain away from the vineyard, maintaining a clean, bare vineyard floor to hold onto heat, and using high-wire training systems. Delayed pruning, leaving additional ‘sacrifice canes’, and choosing late-budding varieties like Meunier also help reduce frost damage.
Why might overhead covers and nets provide substantial protection from frost?
Overhead covers and nets offer substantial protection from frost by providing a physical barrier that reduces the impact of frost on the vines. These covers and nets can help maintain a warmer microclimate around the vines, protecting them from the direct effects of frost.
