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DT - Technical Principles > 7. Performance characteristics of metals > Flashcards

7. Performance characteristics of metals Flashcards

1
Q

What are the stock forms of metals?

A
  • sheet
    • large flat sections of metal in varying thicknesses from less than 1mm up to 3mm
  • plate
    • generally thicker than 3mm
    • narrower than sheet metals
  • bar
    • solid form
    • flat bar, square bar, round bar, hexagonal bar
  • tube form
    • hollow in cross section
    • square, rectangular, round or hexagonal
  • structural angular
    • shapes such as H beams, L beams, I beams, tee bar and channel
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2
Q

What are the 3 main categories that metals can be split into?

A
  • ferrous metal
    • metal containing mostly iron and carbon
  • non-ferrous metal
    • metal that does not contain iron
  • alloy
    • metal made of two or more metals
    • combination of two or more elements, one of which must be a metal
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3
Q

What are non-ferrous metals?
(examples)

A
  • aluminium
  • copper
  • zinc
  • silver
  • gold
  • titanium
  • tin
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4
Q

What are the properties of aluminium?

A
  • lightweight
  • ductile
  • malleable
  • corrosion resistant
  • electrical and thermal conductor
  • can be MIG welded
  • can be TIG heat welded
  • melting temp 660
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5
Q

What are the uses of aluminium?

A
  • drinks cans
  • aircraft bodies
  • bike frames
  • window frames
  • saucepans
  • cooking utensils
  • packaging
  • baking foil
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6
Q

What are the properties of copper?

A
  • ductile
  • malleable
  • tough
  • corrosion resistant
  • good electrical and thermal conductor
  • can be soldered and brazed
  • melting temp 1083
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7
Q

What are the uses of copper?

A
  • electrical wire
  • printed electrical circuits
  • water pipes
  • hot water tanks
  • central heating pipes
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8
Q

What are the properties of zinc?

A
  • low melting point (420)
  • good corrosion resistance
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9
Q

What are the uses of zinc?

A
  • galvanising steel as a protective coating for dustbins, buckets, farm gates
  • intricate die castings
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10
Q

What are the properties of silver?

A
  • malleable
  • ductile
  • corrosion resistant
  • can be soldered
  • melting temp 962
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11
Q

What are the uses of silver?

A
  • jewellery
  • cutlery
  • used for plating other materials
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12
Q

What are the properties of gold?

A
  • malleable
  • ductile
  • corrosion resistant
  • can be soldered
  • melting temp 1063
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13
Q

What are the uses of gold?

A
  • jewellery
  • electronic components
  • connectors
  • switch components
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14
Q

What are the properties of titanium?

A
  • hard
  • similar strength to steels but more lightweight
  • high corrosion resistance
  • melting temp 1668
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15
Q

What are the uses of titanium?

A
  • hip replacements
  • joint replacements
  • tooth implants
  • spectacle frames
  • aircraft
  • spacecraft
  • golf clubs
  • bicycles
  • ship hulls
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16
Q

What are the properties of tin?

A
  • ductile
  • malleable
  • low melting point of 232
  • corrosion resistant
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17
Q

What are the uses of tin?

A
  • soft solder
  • coatings for food cans
  • rarely used in pure form
18
Q

What are ferrous metals?
(examples)

A
  • low carbon steel
  • medium carbon steel
  • cast iron
19
Q

What are the properties of low carbon steel?

A
  • ductile
  • high tensile strength
  • tough
  • malleable
  • poor resistance to corrosion
  • 0.15 - 0.30% carbon content
  • melting temp 1427
20
Q

What are the uses of low carbon steel?

A
  • nuts
  • bolts
  • washers
  • screws
  • car bodies
  • outer panels for white goods
21
Q

What are the properties of medium carbon steel?

A
  • harder than low carbon steel but less ductile, malleable and tough
  • 0.30 - 0.70% carbon content
  • melting temp range 1425 - 1540
22
Q

What are the uses of medium carbon steel?

A
  • springs
  • gardening tools
23
Q

What are the properties of cast iron?

A
  • hard outer skin
  • brittle core
  • good under compression
  • 3.5% carbon
  • melting temp 1149
24
Q

What are the uses of cast iron?

A
  • disc brakes
  • machine parts
  • engine blocks
25
Q

What are ferrous alloys?
(examples)

A
  • stainless steel
  • high speed steel (HSS)
  • die steel (tool steel)
26
Q

What are the properties of stainless steel?

A
  • tough
  • hard
  • corrosion resistant
  • 18% chrome
  • 8% nickel
  • melting temp 1510
27
Q

What are the uses of stainless steel?

A
  • sinks
  • kitchenware
  • cutlery
28
Q

What are the properties of high speed steel (HSS)?

A
  • hard
  • tough
  • high level of resistance to frictional heat
  • 18% tungsten
  • 4% chromium
  • 1% vanadium
  • 0.5 - 0.8% carbon
29
Q

What are the uses of HSS?

A
  • tool blades
  • drill bits
  • milling cutters
  • router bits
30
Q

What are the properties of die steel?

A
  • hard
  • tough
31
Q

What are the uses of die steel?

A
  • blanking punches and dies
  • extruder dies
  • fine press tools
32
Q

What are non-ferrous alloys?
(examples)

A
  • bronze
  • brass
  • duralumin
  • pewter
33
Q

What are the properties of bronze?

A
  • tough
  • corrosion resistant
  • can be cast
  • 90% copper
  • 10% tin
  • melting temp 850 - 1000
34
Q

What are the uses of bronze?

A
  • statues
  • coins
  • bearings
35
Q

What are the properties of brass?

A
  • corrosion resistant
  • good electrical and thermal conductor
  • low melting point 930
  • casts well
  • 65% copper
  • 35% zinc
36
Q

What are the uses of brass?

A
  • boat fittings
  • door furniture
  • cast valves and taps
  • ornaments
37
Q

What are the properties of duralumin?

A
  • equivalent strength properties to mild steel but more lightweight
  • ductile
  • becomes harder as it is worked
  • aluminium with 4% copper and 1% magnesium and manganese
38
Q

What are the uses of duralumin?

A
  • aircraft parts
  • vehicle parts
39
Q

What are the properties of pewter?

A
  • malleable
  • low melting point 170 - 230
  • casts well
  • 85 - 99% tin, with remainder copper and antimony
40
Q

What are the uses of pewter?

A
  • tankards
  • flasks
  • goblets
  • photo frames
  • decorative items
  • candlesticks
  • sports trophies

DT - Technical Principles (29 decks)

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