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Sophomore Surgery Lab (VCS 394) > 7 - PE > Flashcards

7 - PE Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 3 top good PE habits?

A
  1. Preparation - prep area to manage patient anxiety and fear
  2. Consistency - consistent and repetitive PE approach
  3. Focus - focus on performing the PE (do not multi-task)
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2
Q

What senses will help you perform a good PE?

A

Sight, smell, hearing, touch

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3
Q

When observing during a PE, you should start _____ and look _____.

A

globally, thoroughly

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4
Q

What clinical signs are associated with <5% dehydration?

A

Subclinical, unable to detect

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5
Q

What clinical signs are associated with 5-8% dehydration?

A

Mild;

Tacky MM, slight decrease in skin turgor, pet BAR, normal vitals

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6
Q

What clinical signs are associated with 8-10% dehydration?

A

Moderate;

Tacky MM, noticeable decrease in skin turgor, sunken eyes, depressed and slow to respond;

May see hypothermia, tachycardia, slow CRT

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7
Q

What clinical signs are associated with 10-12% dehydration?

A

Severe;

Very depressed and may not be responsive;

Will see signs of CV compromise - hypothermia, tachycardia, weak pulses, CRT > 2 sec (unless septic)

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8
Q

What clinical signs are associated with 12-15% dehydration?

A

Moribund - shock

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9
Q

What findings could be overlooked in the eyes, ears, nose, throat, and oral cavity by not thoroughly looking?

A

Otitis, ear mites, linear FB, eye ulcer, tooth abscesses, abnormal intraocular pressure, retained deciduous teeth, missing teeth

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10
Q

What findings could be overlooked in the integument by not thoroughly looking?

A

Fleas/ticks, fungal infections

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11
Q

Why is it important to know “normal” and why/how it relates to function?

A

It can help you anticipate disease conditions associated with abnormal findings

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12
Q

What disease processes are associated with entropion?

A

Inflammation, ocular ulcers

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13
Q

What disease processes are associated with ectropion?

A

Conjunctivitis - eyes are always gooey

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14
Q

What clinical conditions/disease processes can you infer about this dog just by looking at it (before even touching/doing a PE)?

A
  • Overweight
  • Skin folds –> dermatitis, fungal infections
  • Probably has entropion with inflammation and discharge
  • Short stature combined with weight –> orthopedic issues
  • Brachycephalic –> breathing problems, stenotic nares
  • +/- heart issues due to stress on body
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15
Q

What 2 things are important when developing palpation skills?

A

Understanding of regional anatomy and development of tactile skills

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16
Q

A

A

pinna

17
Q

B

A

vertical canal

18
Q

C

A

auricular cartilage (vertical)

19
Q

D

A

horizontal canal

20
Q

E

A

auricular cartilage (horizontal)

21
Q

F

A

tympanic membrane

22
Q

G

A

middle ear

23
Q

H

A

auditory tube

24
Q

I

A

inner ear

25
Q

How should you place an otoscope in the ear?

A

Pull the pinna laterally, insert otoscope vertically then scoop laterally

26
Q

What fingers and parts of your fingers are most sensitive?

A

Fingertips, palm

27
Q

In which finger are you likely to feel/sense a pulse?

A

thumbs

28
Q

T/F: You can palpate more effectively is your hands and fingers are relaxed

A

True

29
Q

What should you be able to palpate in a normal feline abdomen?

A
  1. Both kidneys
  2. Bladder
  3. GI loops
  4. Spleen (adult males)
  5. Fluid wave
30
Q

What should you be able to palpate in a normal canine abdomen (depending on size and BCS)?

A
  1. Bladder
  2. GI loops
  3. +/- spleen
  4. +/- stomach
  5. +/- fluid wave
31
Q

What should you be able to palpate on a rectal exam in dogs?

A

Prostate, urethra

32
Q

When should you do a rectal on cats?

A

never

33
Q

When would you not do a rectal exam in a dog?

A

The dog doesn’t have a butthole or you don’t have a finger

34
Q

What should we be able to do as far as auscultation skills during a PE?

A
  1. Recognize normal and a heart murmur
  2. Be able to describe a murmur
    1. What grade is it?
    2. Where is it the loudest?
  3. Count an accurate heart rate with a stethoscope (even in cats)
35
Q

When doing a PE on an animal, you should always be trying to manage _____ and _____.

A

fear, anxiety

36
Q

Your PE starts from a _____.

A

distance

Sophomore Surgery Lab (VCS 394) (10 decks)

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