7. Pathology of Cardiovascular Disease

Question 1

What is the term given to the plaque formation in the endothelial layer of the artery?

Answer 1

Atheroma

Question 2

What condition results from the hardening of the arteries?

Answer 2

Atherosclerosis

Question 3

Which substance starts the formation of an atheroma?

Answer 3

Cholesterol

Question 4

Clotting factors convert inactive prothrombin into which substance?

Answer 4

Thrombin

Question 5

Thrombin converts soluble fibrinogen into which insoluble substance?

Answer 5

Fibrin

Question 6

What term describes the blood clot that forms to seal a damaged vessel?

Answer 6

Thrombosis

Question 7

What term describes the portion of a thrombosis that breaks off and travels in the bloodstream?

Answer 7

Embolus

Question 8

What could be the consequence of an embolus in the coronary artery?

Answer 8

Myocardial Infarction (heart attack)

Question 9

What could be the consequence of an embolus blocking the carotid artery?

Answer 9

Stroke

Question 10

What condition occurs when a blood clot forms in a vein of the leg?

Answer 10

Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT)

Question 11

What term is used to describe a thrombosis that forms in an artery other than that supplying the heart or brain?

Answer 11

Peripheral Vascular Disease

Question 12

Cholesterol is what type of biomolecule?

Answer 12

Lipid (fat)

Question 13

What are 2 uses for cholesterol in the body?

Answer 13

Cell membrane component

Formation of the sex hormones

Question 14

Which organ is the main site of cholesterol production?

Answer 14

Liver

Question 15

Which transporter carries cholesterol from the liver to the body cells?

Answer 15

Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL)

Question 16

Which transporter carries excess cholesterol from the body cells to the liver for elimination?

Answer 16

High Density Lipoprotein (HDL)

Question 17

Which class of medications reduce cholesterol synthesis?

Answer 17

Statins