7. Nucleic Acid And DNA Replication

Question 1

What is the name an functions of DNA and RNA?

Answer 1

DNA= Deoxyribonucleic acid - holds genetic info
RNA= Ribonucleic acid - transfers genetic info from DNA to ribosomes.

Question 2

What does a DNA nucleotide made up of?

Answer 2

Pentose sugar = deoxyribose
Nitrogen containing bases = Adenine , Thymine, Cytosine, Guanine
And contains a phosphate group.

Question 3

How and why does a DNA need to be kept parallel?

Answer 3

Kept parallel so less likely to get damaged. Parallel by pairing up Purines (Adenine and Guanine ) with pyramidines ( Thymine and Cytosine)

Question 4

What bond forms on the backbone of DNA strand?

Answer 4

Phosphodiester bond (like a covalent bond) which is formed by condensation reaction between phosphate and deoxyribose sugar making a polynucleotide DNA molecule.
Phosphdiester bond is a strong bond,

Question 5

What holds the polynucleotides of DNA together?

Answer 5

Hydrogen bonds between specific complementary base pairs (AT and CG) making a double helix with 2 polynucleotide. Many hydrogen bonds provide strength.

Question 6

What are the scientists who first proposed model of DNA structure and replication?

Answer 6

James Watson and Francis Crick