7 MODERN ARCHITECTURE

Question 1

Simplified form and the elimination of ornament.

Answer 1

Modern Architecture

Question 2

• A result of social and political revolutions - Driven by technological and engineering developments
• the invention of the new building techniques - Matter of taste, a reaction against eclecticism and the lavish stylistic excesses

Answer 2

origin of Modern Architecture

Question 3

THE BIG THREE (3)

Answer 3

-LE CORBUSIER (Charles-Édouard Jeanneret-Gris)

-LUDWIG MIES VAN DER ROHE (Maria Ludwig Michale Mies)

-WALTER GROPIUS

Question 4

• Born in Switzerland
• Became a French Citizen in 1930
  -Was influential in Urban Planning
• Providing better living conditions for the residents of crowded cities.

Answer 4

LE CORBUSIER (Charles-Édouard Jeanneret-Gris)

Question 5

• A German-American Architect
• Influential twentieth century architectural styles - Modern material (Steel and Glass, Skin & Bones)

Answer 5

LUDWIG MIES VAN DER ROHE ( Maria Ludwig Michale Mies)

Question 6

• German Architect
• Founder of Baluhus School

Answer 6

WALTER GROPIUS

Question 7

• A rejection of historical styles (Historicism)
• An adaptation of the principle that the materials and functional requirements determine the result.

Answer 7

MODERN ARCHITECTURE CHARACTERISTICS

Question 8

MODERN ARCHITECTURE

Answer 8

Art Deco
Art Nouveau
Blobitecture
Brutalism
Constructivism
Critical Regionalism
De Stijl
Deconstructivism
Expressionism
Functionalism
Futurism
Googie
High-tech
International style
Jgendsti
Modernisme
New Objectivity
Organicism
Postmodernism
Streamline Moderne
Sustainable Architecture

Question 9

• 1910 - 1939
• Style Moderne
• _____ is derived from the title of a major Paris design exhibition held in 1925 (International Exposition of Modern Industrial and Decorative Arts)

Answer 9

ART DECO

Question 10

• Aluminium, Stainless steel, Lacquer, Inlaid Wood, Sharkskin (Shagreen) and Zebra Skin
• Bold use of steeped forms, and sweeping curves, chevron patterns, and the Sunburst
• Trapezoidal, Zigzagged, Geometric, and Jumbled shapes, which can be seen in many early pieces.

Answer 10

ART DECO

Question 11

• Characterized by Fluid, Undulating, (waving-waves, flames, flowers, stacks, flowing hair) Motifs, often derived from natural forms
• Derived from the name of the shop called - Maison Del ‘____ ___

Answer 11

ART NOUVEAU

Question 12

________ Considered a total style Hierarchy of scales in design/architecture

Answer 12

art nouveau

Question 13

The word “______” - appeared i 2002, in Williams Safire’s “On Language”
- Used to describe buildings with curved and rounded shapes

Answer 13

BLOBITECTURE

Question 14

• Inspired largely by the work of Swiss Architect (Le Corbusier, and in particular his Unite d/Habitation (1952 and the 1953 Secretariat Building in Chandigarh, India

Answer 14

BRUTALISM or BRUTALIST ARCHITECTURE

Question 15

Originates from the _____, or “raw concrete - rough concrete

Answer 15

bêton brut

Question 16

• Neo ____
• “The celebration of concrete”

Answer 16

BRUTALISM

Question 17

• Repetitive angular geometries, and often revealing textures of the wooden forms
• Normally rough unadorned poured concrete. - Not all brutalist buildings are formed from concrete
• Expression of its structural materials, forms, and services on its exterior.
• brick glass, steel, rough-hewn stone, and gabion (also known as trapion)

Answer 17

BRUTALISM

Question 18

• 1920s and early 1930s - Soviet Union
• Geometric, dynamic, and Kinetic styles of both Cubism and futurist architecture
• Mother of Brutalism

Answer 18

CONSTRUCTIVISM

Question 19

• A combination of advanced technology and engineering with an avowedly Communist social purpose
• An industrial, angular approach and geometric abstraction

Answer 19

CONSTRUCTIVISM

Question 20

• To counter the placelessness and lack of meaning in Modern Architecture.
• By using contextual forces to give a sense of place and meaning.

Answer 20

CRITICAL REGIONALISM

Question 21

According to Frampton, there should be an emphasis on topography, climate, light, __ __ rather than scenography and the ___ ___ rather than the visual.

Answer 21

CHARACTERISTIC OF CRITICAL REGIONALISM:
tectonic form
tactile sense

Question 22

• The science or art of construction, both in relation to the use of artistic design. “It refers not just to the “activity of making the materially requisite construction that answers certain needs, but rather to the activity that raises this construction to an art form.”
• It is concerned with the modeling of material to bring the material into presence: from the physical into the meta-physcial world.

Answer 22

TECTONIC

Question 23

• “The Style” - Dutch pronunciation; also known as neoplasticism
• Dutch artistic movement, founded in 1917
• Founders of the movement were the painters Piet Modrain and Theo van Doesburg.
• Miss Van Der Rohe - Was among the most important proponent of its ideas in architecture

Answer 23

DE STIJL

Question 24

• It rejected all representation and restricted the elements of artistic expression to the use of straight lines, right angles, pure primary colors (blue, red, and yellow), and the so-called non-colors of black, gray, and white.

Answer 24

DE STIJL

Question 25

• ______ in architecture, also called deconstruction, is a development of postmodern architecture that began in the late 1980’s

Answer 25

DECONSTRUCTIVISM or DECONSTRUCTIVIST Architecture

Question 26

• Unpredictability and a controlled chaos
• Disjointed in form, and they dramatically contradicted and construction
• Fragmentation, non-linear processes of design, an interest in manipulating ideas of a structure’s surface or skin and apparent non-Euclidean geometry

Answer 26

DECONSTRUCTIVISM or DECONSTRUCTIVIST Architecture

Question 27

• 1910 THROUGH 1924
• Introduced by Bruno Taut
  Bruno Julius Florian Taut

Answer 27

EXPRESSIONISM

Question 28

• Expressive, organic distortion of shape, with reference to movement and emotions, symbolic or visionary, works or natural, biomorphic shapes.
• usual massing of form

Answer 28

EXPRESSIONISM