7 MODERN ARCHITECTURE Flashcards
Simplified form and the elimination of ornament.
Modern Architecture
- A result of social and political revolutions - Driven by technological and engineering developments
- the invention of the new building techniques - Matter of taste, a reaction against eclecticism and the lavish stylistic excesses
origin of Modern Architecture
THE BIG THREE (3)
-LE CORBUSIER (Charles-Édouard Jeanneret-Gris)
-LUDWIG MIES VAN DER ROHE (Maria Ludwig Michale Mies)
-WALTER GROPIUS
- Born in Switzerland
- Became a French Citizen in 1930
-Was influential in Urban Planning - Providing better living conditions for the residents of crowded cities.
LE CORBUSIER (Charles-Édouard Jeanneret-Gris)
- A German-American Architect
- Influential twentieth century architectural styles - Modern material (Steel and Glass, Skin & Bones)
LUDWIG MIES VAN DER ROHE ( Maria Ludwig Michale Mies)
- German Architect
- Founder of Baluhus School
WALTER GROPIUS
- A rejection of historical styles (Historicism)
- An adaptation of the principle that the materials and functional requirements determine the result.
MODERN ARCHITECTURE CHARACTERISTICS
MODERN ARCHITECTURE
Art Deco
Art Nouveau
Blobitecture
Brutalism
Constructivism
Critical Regionalism
De Stijl
Deconstructivism
Expressionism
Functionalism
Futurism
Googie
High-tech
International style
Jgendsti
Modernisme
New Objectivity
Organicism
Postmodernism
Streamline Moderne
Sustainable Architecture
- 1910 - 1939
- Style Moderne
- _____ is derived from the title of a major Paris design exhibition held in 1925 (International Exposition of Modern Industrial and Decorative Arts)
ART DECO
- Aluminium, Stainless steel, Lacquer, Inlaid Wood, Sharkskin (Shagreen) and Zebra Skin
- Bold use of steeped forms, and sweeping curves, chevron patterns, and the Sunburst
- Trapezoidal, Zigzagged, Geometric, and Jumbled shapes, which can be seen in many early pieces.
ART DECO
- Characterized by Fluid, Undulating, (waving-waves, flames, flowers, stacks, flowing hair) Motifs, often derived from natural forms
- Derived from the name of the shop called - Maison Del ‘____ ___
ART NOUVEAU
________ Considered a total style Hierarchy of scales in design/architecture
art nouveau
The word “______” - appeared i 2002, in Williams Safire’s “On Language”
- Used to describe buildings with curved and rounded shapes
BLOBITECTURE
- Inspired largely by the work of Swiss Architect (Le Corbusier, and in particular his Unite d/Habitation (1952 and the 1953 Secretariat Building in Chandigarh, India
BRUTALISM or BRUTALIST ARCHITECTURE
Originates from the _____, or “raw concrete - rough concrete
bêton brut
- Neo ____
- “The celebration of concrete”
BRUTALISM
- Repetitive angular geometries, and often revealing textures of the wooden forms
- Normally rough unadorned poured concrete. - Not all brutalist buildings are formed from concrete
- Expression of its structural materials, forms, and services on its exterior.
- brick glass, steel, rough-hewn stone, and gabion (also known as trapion)
BRUTALISM
- 1920s and early 1930s - Soviet Union
- Geometric, dynamic, and Kinetic styles of both Cubism and futurist architecture
- Mother of Brutalism
CONSTRUCTIVISM
- A combination of advanced technology and engineering with an avowedly Communist social purpose
- An industrial, angular approach and geometric abstraction
CONSTRUCTIVISM
- To counter the placelessness and lack of meaning in Modern Architecture.
- By using contextual forces to give a sense of place and meaning.
CRITICAL REGIONALISM
According to Frampton, there should be an emphasis on topography, climate, light, __ __ rather than scenography and the ___ ___ rather than the visual.
CHARACTERISTIC OF CRITICAL REGIONALISM:
tectonic form
tactile sense
- The science or art of construction, both in relation to the use of artistic design. “It refers not just to the “activity of making the materially requisite construction that answers certain needs, but rather to the activity that raises this construction to an art form.”
- It is concerned with the modeling of material to bring the material into presence: from the physical into the meta-physcial world.
TECTONIC
- “The Style” - Dutch pronunciation; also known as neoplasticism
- Dutch artistic movement, founded in 1917
- Founders of the movement were the painters Piet Modrain and Theo van Doesburg.
- Miss Van Der Rohe - Was among the most important proponent of its ideas in architecture
DE STIJL
- It rejected all representation and restricted the elements of artistic expression to the use of straight lines, right angles, pure primary colors (blue, red, and yellow), and the so-called non-colors of black, gray, and white.
DE STIJL
- ______ in architecture, also called deconstruction, is a development of postmodern architecture that began in the late 1980’s
DECONSTRUCTIVISM or DECONSTRUCTIVIST Architecture
- Unpredictability and a controlled chaos
- Disjointed in form, and they dramatically contradicted and construction
- Fragmentation, non-linear processes of design, an interest in manipulating ideas of a structure’s surface or skin and apparent non-Euclidean geometry
DECONSTRUCTIVISM or DECONSTRUCTIVIST Architecture
- 1910 THROUGH 1924
- Introduced by Bruno Taut
Bruno Julius Florian Taut
EXPRESSIONISM
- Expressive, organic distortion of shape, with reference to movement and emotions, symbolic or visionary, works or natural, biomorphic shapes.
- usual massing of form
EXPRESSIONISM
