4 RENAISSANCE ARCHITECTURE Flashcards
ITALIAN FLAG symbolizes..
green- hope
white- faith
red-bloodhsed
Is style of architecture, reflecting the
rebirth of Classical culture, that originated
in Florence in the early 15th century and spread throughout Europe, replacing the
medieval Gothic style.
RENAISSANCE ARCHITECTURE
As in the Classical period, _ was the most important factor of beauty; Renaissance found a harmony
architects
between human __ and
buildings.
proportion/s
Developed first in Florence (Italy), with __ ___ as one of its innovators, the Renaissance style quickly spread to other Italian cities and then to France, Germany, England, Russia and elsewhere.
FILIPPO BRUNELLESCHI
The word “Renaissance” derived from the term
“__ ____” (meaning re-birth) which first appeared in Giorgio Vasari’s Vite de’ più eccellenti architetti, pittori, et scultori Italiani (The Lives of the Artists, 1550-68).
The Renaissance
Renaissance style was recognized by contemporaries in the term “all’antica”, or “in the ancient manner” (of the Romans).
la rinascita
PRINCIPAL PHASES
Historians often use the following designations in
chronological order:
*QUATTROCENTO and
sometimes EARLY
RENAISSANCE (ca. 1400-1500);
*HIGH RENAISSANCE (ca.1500-1525);
*MANNERISM (ca. 1520-1600)
In the __, concepts of architectural order were explored and rules were formulated. The study of classical antiquity led in particular to the adoption of Classical detail and ornamentation.
*Space, as an element of architecture, was utilized differently to the way it had been in the Middle Ages.
*Space was organized by proportional logic, its form and rhythm subject to geometry, rather than being created by intuition as in Medieval buildings.
*The prime example of this is the Basilica di San Lorenzo in Florence by Filippo Brunelleschi (1377-1446)
QUATTROCENTO
*During the ____, concepts derived from classical antiquity were developed and used with greater surety.
*The most representative architect is Donato Bramante (1444-1514) who expanded the applicability of classical architecture to contemporary buildings.
HIGH RENAISSANCE
During the _____ period, architects experimented with using architectural forms to emphasize solid and spatial relationships.
*The Renaissance ideal of harmony gave way to freer and more imaginative rhythms.
*The best known architect associated with the Mannerist style was Michelangelo (1475-1564), who is credited with inventing the giant order, a large pilaster that stretches from the bottom to the top of a facade. He used this in his design for the Campidoglio in Rome.
MANNERISM
Characteristics of Renaissance Architecture
PLAN
*The plans of Renaissance buildings have a ____, ____ appearance in which ___.
square,
symmetrical
proportions are usually based on a module.
Characteristics of Renaissance Architecture
FACADE;
-symmetrical around their vertical axis.
-surmounted by a pediment
-cornice.
-repetition of openings on each floor, and the centrally placed door is marked by a feature.
Characteristics of Renaissance Architecture
COLUMNS AND PILASTERS;
-Tuscan, Doric, lonic, Corinthian and Composite.
-The orders can either be structural, supporting an arcade or architrave, or purely decorative
-aimed to use columns, pilasters, and entablatures as an integrated system.
Characteristics of Renaissance Architecture
ARCHES;
-Arches are semi-circular or (in the Mannerist style) segmental.
-Leon Battista Alberti was one of the first to use the arch on a monumental scale at the St. Andrea in Mantua.
Characteristics of Renaissance Architecture
VAULTS;
-Vaults do not have ribs (Barrel Vault)
Characteristics of Renaissance Architecture
The ___ is used frequently, both as a very large structural feature that is visible from the exterior
DOME
