7 June CNS Tumors Flashcards
Where do adult cns tumors generally form?
Supratentorial
Where do kid cns tumors general form?
Infratentorial
What are the primary types of cells in the brain?
50% Glial cells and 50% Neurons Astrocytes: BBB Oligodendrocytes: myelin sheath Ependymal cells: line ventricles Meningothelial cells: line brain Neurons
What are the tumors derived from astrocytes and general features?
Glioblastoma multiforme: malignant, adults, crosses corpus callosum, poor prognosis
Pilocytic astrocytoma: kids, benign, in cerebellum, cystic with mural nodule
What tumors are derived from meningothelial cells and general features?
Meningioma: adult women, in meninges, benign, no invasion, just mass effect, has estrogen receptors
What tumors are derived from oligodendrocytes and general features?
Oligodendroglioma: adults, malignant, calcified tumor in white matter usually involving the frontal lobe, can present with seizures
What tumors are derived from neurons and general features?
Medulloblastoma: kids (because only their neurons are dividing actively enough to have tumor potential), malignant, in cerebellum, grows rapidly, poor prognosis, spreads via csf often to cauda equina
What tumors are derived from ependymal cells and general features?
Ependymoma: malignant, kids, 4th ventricle leading to hydrocephalus
What tumor is the most common primary malignant tumor in adults?
Glioblastoma multiforme
What benign tumor is common in adult women and is found in the meninges?
Meningioma
What tumor is known for crossing the corpus callosum?
Glioblastoma multiforme
What tumor commonly involves the cranial nerves and leads to deafness on presentation?
Schwannoma
These cells myelinate peripheral nerves, therefore makes sense that this would involve the CN’s
What malignant tumor presents in adults as a calcified tumor of the white matter usually involving the frontal lobe and leading to seizures?
Oligodendroglioma
Remember these cells myelinate the axons of the CNS and therefore will be found in the white matter
What malignant tumor is often found in the 4th ventricle in kids leading to hydrocephalus?
Ependymoma
What malignant tumor in kids is found in the cerebellum, grows rapidly, has a poor prognosis, and often metastasizes via CSF?
Medulloblastoma
What tumor in kids arises from remnants of Rathke’s pouch and is a supratentorial mass in kids or young adult leading to compression of the optic nerve leading to bitemporal hemianopsia?
Craniopharyngioma
Only CNS tumor in kids that is supratentorial
Calcifications common
Benign, but often recurs after resection
Describe features of Schwannoma
Benign tumor, adults, CN’s, often CN VIII leading to loss of hearing
Describe Oligodendroglioma
Malignant, adults, white matter, frontal lobe, calcified, seizures, fried egg histology
Describe Medulloblastoma
Kids, malignant, grows fast, poor prognosis, spreads, cerebellum, neuroectoderm cells,
Describe Ependymoma
Kids, malignant, 4th ventricle leading to hydrocephalus,
Describe Glioblastoma multiforme
Adults, malignant, astrocytes, crosses midline through corpus callosum, GFAP positive,
Describe meningioma
Adult women, benign, in meninges, seizures, no invasion, has estrogen receptors
Describe craniopharyngioma
kids and young adults, calcified, bitemporal hemianopsia, often recurs after resection, remnant of Rathke’s pouch
Describe pilocytic astrocytoma
Kids, benign, cystic lesion with mural nodule in cerebellum, from astrocytes, GFAP positive, hydrocephalus, eosinophilic granular bodies
