7 equilibrium Flashcards

1
Q

what does the one way arrow in reactions mean

A

the reaction goes to completion

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2
Q

what does the two way arrow in reactions mean

A

that they dont go to completion, are reversible and are at equilibrium.

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3
Q

four key characteristics of equilibrium

A

the forward and reverse reactions occur at the same rate.

the concentrations of reactants and products at equilibrium are constant

equilibrium requires a closed system

there is no change in macroscopic properties

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4
Q

the forward and reverse reactions occur at the same rate

A

dynamic equilibrium - the reaction has not stopped. reactants continuously being changed to products and products continuously changed back into reactants.

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5
Q

equilibrium requires a closed system

A

reactants or products cannot escape from the reaction vessel.

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6
Q

there is no change in macroscopic properties

A

no change in colour, pressure, pH, concentration.

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7
Q

example of a reversible reaction

A

haber process

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8
Q

if the ΔH is negative what does it mean

A

exothermic

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9
Q

le chatelier’s principle

A

a system at equilibrium will move to oppose a change made to it

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10
Q

if you raise the concentration of a reversible reaction what happens

A

equilibrium shifts to reduce the increased concentration

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11
Q

if you raise the pressure of a reversible reaction what happens

A

equilibrium shifts to reduce the increased pressure (towards the side with fewest moles)

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12
Q

if you raise the temp of a reversible reaction what happens

A

equilibrium shifts to oppose increase (endo direction)

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13
Q

if you add a catalsyt to a revesible reaction what happens

A

no change to equilibrium

increase rate

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14
Q

how to form a multi step reaction

A

sum equations together

cancel

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15
Q

if these are the equations then what is the overall kc equation

A + 2B <=> C + D
C + E <=> F

A

A + 2B + E <=> D + F

            D        F = ------------------------------------------
      A       B^2       E
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