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Nutrition Through Life Midterm 1 > 7 Electrolytes and Vitamins > Flashcards

7 Electrolytes and Vitamins Flashcards

0
Q

Sodium function:

A

Blood pressure, maintaining plasma volume

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1
Q

Potassium function:

A

Blood pressure, reducing kidney stone risk, potentially reducing bone loss.

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2
Q

Sulphur function:

A

Amino acid component, glutathione component

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3
Q

Thiamin function:

A

Coenzyme in CHO and branched chain amino acid metabolism (TPP)

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4
Q

Riboflavin function:

A

Coenzyme in oxidation reduction reactions

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5
Q

Niacin function:

A

Cosubstrate and coenzyme for transfer of hydride ion

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6
Q

B6 function:

A

Coenzyme in metabolism

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7
Q

Folate function:

A

Coenzyme in methyl transfers

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8
Q

B12 function:

A

Coenzyme to convert homocysteine to methionine and CoA to succinyl CoA

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9
Q

Biotin function:

A

Coenzyme in bicarbonate dependent carboxylation reactions

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10
Q

Choline function:

A

Precursor for acetylcholine, phospholipids, and betaine

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11
Q

Pantothenic acid function:

A

Component of CoA and phosphopantetheine (fat metabolism)

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12
Q

Vitamin c function:

A

Cofactors for biosynthesis of collagen, carnitine, and neurotransmitters. Anti oxidant

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13
Q

Vitamin A function:

A

Vision, gene expression, reproduction, embryonic development, growth, immune function

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14
Q

Vitamin E function:

A

Anti oxidant. Prevent propagation of lipid peroxidation

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15
Q

Vitamin D

A

Anti proliferation and pro differentiation effects, enhances absorption of calcium and phosphorous

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16
Q

Vitamin k

A

Blood coagulation, bone metabolism

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17
Q

Do potassium requirements change during pregnancy? Why or why not?

A

No

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18
Q

Do sodium requirements change during pregnancy? Why or why not?

A

No

19
Q

Do sulphur requirements change during pregnancy? Why or why not?

A

No

20
Q

Do thiamin requirements change during pregnancy? Why or why not?

A

Yes, growth and increased E utilization

21
Q

Do riboflavin requirements change during pregnancy? Why or why not?

A

Yes, growth and increase E utilization. Reduce urinary excretion to conserve also.

22
Q

Do niacin requirements change during pregnancy? Why or why not?

A

Yes, increased E utilization

23
Q

Do B6 requirements change during pregnancy? Why or why not?

A

High fetal and placental uptake, requirements increase towards end of pregnancy because no way to store so demand must be met with intake

24
Q

Do folate requirements change during pregnancy? Why or why not?

A

Yes, high nucleotide synthesis and cell division

25
Q

Do B12 requirements change during pregnancy? Why or why not?

A

Yes, only newly absorbed B12 is readily transported across placenta so can’t meet the need using stores.

26
Q

Do biotin requirements change during pregnancy? Why or why not?

A

No. Compensate with absorbing more and excreting less

27
Q

Do choline requirements change during pregnancy? Why or why not?

A

Yes, especially during embryogenesis, deplete maternal stores and large amounts delivered to the placenta

28
Q

Do pantothenic acid requirements change during pregnancy? Why or why not?

A

Yes, no info but presume and round up

29
Q

Do vitamin C requirements change during pregnancy? Why or why not?

A

Yes, especially with smokers

30
Q

Do vitamin D requirements change during pregnancy? Why or why not?

A

No, little is transferred

31
Q

Do vitamin E requirements change during pregnancy? Why or why not?

A

No

32
Q

Do vitamin K requirements change during pregnancy? Why or why not?

A

No

33
Q

What is the basis for thiamin DRI?

A

Erythrocyte transketolase activity,

Concentration in blood, urinary concentration

34
Q

What is the basis for riboflavin DRI?

A

Erythrocyte glutathione reductase activity, RBC concentration, urinary excretion

35
Q

What is the basis for niacin DRI?

A

Urinary excretion of niacin metabolites

36
Q

What is the basis for B6 DRI?

A

Maintenance of blood 5’-pyridoxal phosphate levels.

37
Q

What is the basis for folate DRI?

A

Erythrocyte folate, blood homocysteine and folate concentrations

38
Q

What is the basis for B12 DRI?

A

Haematological status and normal blood values

39
Q

What is the basis for biotin DRI?

A

Just AI

40
Q

What is the basis for choline DRI?

A

Serum alanine aminotransferase activity (prevents liver damage)

41
Q

What is the basis for pantothenic acid DRI?

A

Intake adequate to replace urinary excretion

42
Q

What is the basis for vitamin C DRI?

A

Near maximal neutrophil concentration with minimal urinary excretion

43
Q

What is the basis for vit A DRI?

A

Maintenance of body pool (RAE = 1/2 RE)

44
Q

What is the basis for vitamin D DRI?

A

Serum concentration

45
Q

What is the basis for vitamin E DRI?

A

Only made for alpha. Correlation between H2O2 induced erythrocyte lysis.

46
Q

What is the basis for vitamin K DRI?

A

Just AI

Nutrition Through Life Midterm 1 (10 decks)

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