1/2: DRI

Question 0

Why is it not important to achieve all the recommendations every day?

Answer 0

Have body stores/reserves (adults more than children/infants), nutrients are turned over at different rates, nutrients have different day to day variability in a mixed diet.

Question 1

Why was the terminology changed from Recommended Daily Nutrient Intake to Recommended Nutrient Intake?

Answer 1

To reflect that the goal is to have an average intake over a period of time rather than to achieve all the standards daily.

Question 2

What are the 7 panels for the standing committee on scientific evaluation of dietary reference intakes?

Answer 2

Calcium/vit D/phosphorous/magnesium/floride, folate/B12/B vitamins/choline, antioxidants and related nutrients, trace elements, electrolytes, energy and macronutrients, other food components.

Question 3

What are the 2 subcommittees?

Answer 3

Upper reference levels, uses of DRIs

Question 4

What 4 nutrient-based references are the DRIs composed of?

Answer 4

EAR, RDA, AI, UL

Question 5

EAR

Answer 5

Usual intake level that is estimated to meet the requirement of half the healthy individuals in a life stage and gender group. Can be used for groups, but shouldn’t be used for individuals.

Question 6

RDA definition. What must it account for?

Answer 6

EAR + 2SD. Account for bioavailability, individual variability, gender/age differences, physiological state (pregnancy/lactation). Intended to be met through a variety of foods (assume varied diet).

Question 7

What reference index is used for energy intake?

Answer 7

EAR. Wouldn’t make sense to use RDA because then many people would be overeating,

Question 8

When is AI used for an individual? What can it tell us?

Answer 8

Used when EAR/RDA can’t be determined. If an individuals intake is greater than or equal to the AI the diet is almost certainly adequate.

Question 9

What is the UL?

Answer 9

Highest average daily nutrient intake level likely to pose no risk in the general population. Includes intake from foods, fortification, nutritional supplements, and beverages.

Question 10

How do dietary guidelines differ from RNIs?

Answer 10

Describe foods (not nutrients), target an intake for everyone, primarily deal with macronutrients, can also target to improve behaviour in the long term (lower fat intake over time).

Question 11

What age range is Canada’s food guide designed for?

Answer 11

> 2yrs

Question 12

What is the maximum recommended fat intake? Is this supported by everyone? What about saturated fat intake?

Answer 12

No more than 30%. Not universally agreed on, lots of healthy eating patterns (ex Mediterranean diet) with higher fat content. Saturated fat is no more than 10% of energy intake.

Question 13

If greater than 5% of energy intake is from alcohol, what increased risks can be seen?

Answer 13

Osteoporosis, dementia, liver disease, hypertension, obesity, fetal alcohol syndrome, accidents, domestic violence.

Question 14

If greater than 4 cups of coffee (or equivalent caffeine dose) is taken in, what increased risks can be seen?

Answer 14

Osteoporosis, hypertension, adverse pregnancy outcomes, CVD

Question 15

Why is there a risk in recommending an average of <30% fat in the diet?

Answer 15

Increase risk of EFA deficiency, would have to eat less animal protein and more fibre, which would increase risk of zinc, iron deficiencies so RDA would have to be changed, too low of a recommendation for children.