6A&6B

Question 1

What is homeostasis

Answer 1

maintiNCE OF THE CONditions of the internal environment within narrow limits

Question 2

What is the optimum temperature, for hometoaiss

Answer 2

36.5 to 37.5, degrees

Question 3

What is the optimum PH for hometoaiss

Answer 3

PH is 7.35 to 7.45

Question 4

What is the optimum blood glucose levels for hometoaiss

Answer 4

4.0-7.8mmol/L

Question 5

What is the optimum sodium concetraiton for hometaoisis

Answer 5

135-145mmol/L

Question 6

what is the optium potassium concentraton

Answer 6

3.5-5.0mmol/L

Question 7

What is the stimulus response model

Answer 7

describes how an internal stimulus can be detected and appriapote response can be made—

Question 8

how is the stimulus response model produced

Answer 8

-this system is produced by the effector that reverseres the stimuli

Question 9

What are the 5 parts that make up the stimulus response model

Answer 9

stimulus
receptor
modulator
effector
response

Question 10

Explain how sweating occurs within reference to the stimulus repsonse mode

Answer 10

1.Stimulus—high temperature
2. Receptor–thermorecerptors on the skin regulating BT
3.Modulator–hypothemaulus responds y targetting sweat galnds
4.Effector—sweat glands increase water production for heat to evaporate
5.response-sweating to decrease body temperature

Question 11

Explain how shivering occurs with reference to the stimulus response model

Answer 11

1.Stimulus-changes in temperature(cold tmep)

2.Receptor-thermoreceptors in skin detect the heat

3.Modulator=hypothemalusus responds by targetting brain

4. Effector-brain sends a message to skeletal muscles

5.response-response is to shiver in order to increase BT

Question 12

Explain how you pat a dog with reference to the stimulus response model

Answer 12

1.stimulus-cute dog

2.recetpro-the cells of your eye detect the light that they’re recievieng from your environment

3.modulator-your brain interpets these light signals as a dog and sends signals to the muslces of your arm

4.effector the muslces of your arm contract and extend

5.response-you pat the dog

Question 13

Different types of recetpors

Answer 13

1. thermoreceptors-
   2.noicreceptors-
   3.barorecetpors-
   4.chemoreceptors-
   5.photorecrptors-

Question 14

thermoreceptors-

Answer 14

detects the change in temp via thre reprcots on the skin and sends a message to the modulator(hytpthemsylus)

Question 15

noicreceptors

Answer 15

detects painful stimuli

Question 16

.barorecetpors

Answer 16

detects chnages in pressure

Question 17

.chemoreceptors

Answer 17

detects changes in chemical concentration

Question 18

photorecrptors

Answer 18

detects changes in light

Question 19

Vasoconstriction

Answer 19

(muscles tightening your blood vessels to shrink the space inside)

Question 20

●Vasodilation

Answer 20

the widening of blood vessels as a result of the relaxation of the blood vessel’s muscular walls.

Question 21

The 4 types of heat transfer

Answer 21

1.conduction
2.evaporaiton
3.convection
4.evaporation
5. radiation

Question 22

conduction

Answer 22

transfer of haet throuhg physical conctact eg. heat from a hot mug transffereed to your hands

Question 23

evaporation

Answer 23

loss of heat when water transforms into gas eg.sweating on skin evaporates

Question 24

convcetion

Answer 24

transfer of heat via the movement of a liquid of a gas between the areas od diffreent temperatures eg. sweating on the skin evaporates

Question 25

radiation

Answer 25

transfer heat through electromagnetic waves(no contact required) eg. sun warms you through radiation

Question 26

negative feedabckk

Answer 26

a response that is the reverse of the change detected (it functions to reduce the change)

Question 27

negaitve feebdkac exmaple provide

Answer 27

The set point for temperature is 37°C. The stimulus detected is an increase in temperature and the response is to sweat to increase evaporation from the skin and decrease body temperature.

Question 28

positive feebdack

Answer 28

Occurs when the response increases the initial stimulus.

Question 29

is positive rare and is it apart of hooemtosiss

Answer 29

it is rare but not part of homeostatisis

Question 30

example of psotiive fedeack

Answer 30

Labour contractions increasing the diameter of the cervix for birth.

Question 31

hormone

Answer 31

chemical messenger produced by an organism.

Question 32

s

stimulus response model of a person with hyperthyrdoism prudicng T3 and T4

Answer 32

1. stimulus-change in a variet of factors eg, temp
2. Receptor-hypotheamulsu release thyotrophin(TRH)
3. Modulator-anterior pituairty gland releases thyroid stimualting hormone(TSH)
4. EFFECTOR-thyroid gland
5. response-release T3 and T4

Question 33

stimulus response model of a normal person producing T3 and T4

Answer 33

1. stimulus-change in a variet of factors eg, temp
2. Receptor-hypotheamulsu release thyotrophin(TRH)—NEGATIVE FEEDBACK INHIBITION OF TRH
3. Modulator-anterior pituairty gland releases thyroid stimualting hormone(TSH)—NEGATIVE FEEDBACK INHIBITION OF TSH SECRETION
4. EFFECTOR-thyroid gland
5. response-release T3 and T4

Question 34

GRAPH RELATED QUESTION-why does someone with type 1 diabetes blood glucose levels not drop and stay high?

Answer 34

someone with type 1 diabetes have high blood glucose levels which do not drop because antigens attack their beta cells which produce insulin, thus insulin is not produced causing blood glucose levels to stay high

Question 35

how do beta blockers work

Answer 35

beta blockers block the relase of TSH and TRH

Question 36

different between production of thryoid homrones in someone with hyperthyrodism and somoene wihtout hyprehtyroidsm

Answer 36

someone with hyperhtyodims will contiously produc t3 and t4 hormones, whereas a normal person in negative feedback inhibition of TRH and TSH secretiion happens

Question 37

what is feedback inhibition

Answer 37

type of negative feedback that can be used to control metabolic pathways by blocking an enzyme from its previous phase in the sequence.