65- Flashcards
A story of the growing up a sensitive person who looks for answered to his questions through different experiences. Generally, such a novel starts with a loss or a tragedy that disturbs the main character emotionally. He/she leaves on a journey to fill that vacuum
Bildungsroman
During the journey, the protagonist gains maturity gradually and with difficulty. Usually, the plot depicts a conflict between the protagonist and the values of society. Finally, he or she accepts those values and they are accepted by the society, ending the dissatisfaction. Such a type of novel is also known as a coming-of-age novel.
Bildungsroman
(Not to be confused with allusion) a false illustration of something, a deceptive impression, or a false belief. Literally speaking, an illusion is something that is false and not factual. It trucks the human brain into thinking an unreal into a real. In other worlds, it is meant to mislead the perception of readers, and deceive their senses. Writers deceive readers sense of sight, touch, taste and sounds, making them imagine what is happening, by illustrating certain details
Illusion
In literature, it is a character that shows qualities that are in contrast with the qualities of another character with the objective to highlight the traits of the other character. The term foil, though generally being applied for a contrasting character, may also be used for any comparison that is drawn to portray a difference between 2 things.
Foil
A sophisticated literary device used in writing. In fact, it is a textual reference within some text that reflects the text used as a reference. Instead of employing referential phrases from different literary works, intertextuality draws upon the concept, rhetoric or ideology from other texts to be merged in the new text. It may be retelling off an old story, or you may rewrite the popular stories in modern text for instance, james Joyce retells the odyssey in his novel Ulysses
Intertextuality
Derived from the Greek word “simple” is a figure of speech which employs an understatement by using double negatives or, in other words, positive statement is expressed by negating its opposite expressions. “Not too bad” in place of “pretty good”
Litotes
denotes an illusionary place that projects the notion of a perfect society to the reader. Here, the “perfect society” refers to ideal conditions achieved within the material world as opposed to the expected idealism of afterlife in Christianity or other religions. Further, the citizens presiding in such utopias are bearers of a perfect moral code, or at least, every violator of the moral code is harshly punished. A utopian society is one where all social evils have been cured.
Utopia
derived from the Italian words “sonnetto”. It means a small or little song or lyric. In poetry, it has 14 lines and is written in iambic pentameter. Each line also has 10 syllables. It has a specific rhyme scheme and a “volta” or specific turn.
Sonnet
A character with a complex personality; has depth in feelings and passions.
Round Character
is a literary device that you can easily identify in literary works. Simply, it occurs when incongruity appears between expectations of something to happen, and what actually happens instead. Thus, entirely different happens from what the audience may be expecting or the final outcome is opposite to what the audience is expecting. It is also known as irony of situations that generally include sharp contrasts and contradictions. The purpose is to allow the readers to make a distinction between appearances and realities, and eventually associate them to the theme of a story.
Situational Irony
A literary genre that uses daily used language on writing and speaking. It is different from written works, as they normally follow the writing or speaking of the public. We find the origin of this literature during middle ages in different countries in Europe.
Vernacular
known as homily, the term originates from a Greek word “Eulogia”, which means to praise somebody or something. It is a literary device that is a laudatory expression in a speech, or a written tribute to a person deceased recently.
Eulogy
The language used by the people of a specific area, class, district, or any other group of a people. The term involves spelling, sounds, grammar and pronunciation used by a particular group of people and it distinguishes them from other people around them.
Dialect
extreme pride and arrogance shown by a character that ultimately brings about his downfall.
Hubris
a literary device used by a writers for a prominent character in a play or book that has characteristics opposite of that of a conventional hero. The protagonist is generally admired for his bravery, strength, charm, ingenuity, etc while this is typically clumsy, unsolicited, nd unskilled and has both good and bad qualities. The usage has increased today in books and TV.
Anti-Hero
a persuasive technique and a type of propaganda through which a writer persuades his readers, so that majority could agree with the argument of the writer, suggesting that since majority agrees, the readers should too. The phrase means to follow what others are conforming or doing.
Band Wagon
The purpose of this technique is to make the audience think and act in a way that majority follows. This tendency of the following the beliefs and actions occurs when the audience sees others are lso conforming. We see its usage in literature, politics, and ads. It is a good approach for persuasive writing. Writers often use it as a pressure tactic by creating a sense of fear among the readers if they do not agree with their beliefs.
Band Wagon Function
we can easily find the use of this technique in mass media advertising, politics, and literature. It is a very popular technique in academic commentary and is taken as an interchangeable form of communication. The primary function is to persuade the readers and mold their perceptions about a particular cause. It aims at getting a response of respondents and let them adapt a certain action, because merely securing a commitment or assent would not be enough for making this technique successful, in securing its purpose
Propaganda
: Appeals to a person’s imagination of something we like or trust.
Trump: “Make America Great Again”. “Our school will rise to the top again.”
Propaganda Transfer
VIRTUE WORDS or GLITTERING
GENERALITY: These words are used to dupe us into accepting and approving of things
without examining the evidence carefully. Examples: “Natural”, “Democratic”, “Organic”,
“Scientific”, “Ecological”, “Sustainable”.
Propaganda Glittering Generalities
: These fallacies appeal to evidence or examples that are not relevant to the
argument at hand
Fallacies of Relevance
