6.3 intelligent thinking

Question 1

intelligence quotient (IQ)

Answer 1

(mental age/chronological age) × 100.

Question 2

standardization

Answer 2

The process that allows test scores to be interpreted by providing test norms.

Question 3

deviation IQ score

Answer 3

100 plus or minus (15 × the number of standard deviations the person is from the raw score mean for their standardization group).

Question 4

reliability

Answer 4

The extent to which the scores for a test are consistent.

Question 5

validity

Answer 5

The extent to which a test measures what it is supposed to measure or predicts what it is supposed to predict.

Question 6

factor analysis

Answer 6

A statistical technique that identifies clusters of test items that measure the same ability (factor).

Question 7

heritability

Answer 7

An index of the degree that variation of a trait within a given population is due to heredity.

Question 8

reaction range

Answer 8

The genetically determined limits for an individual’s intelligence.

Question 9

Flynn effect

Answer 9

The finding that the average intelligence test score in the United States and other industrialized nations has improved steadily over the last century.