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M6 Richard 2019 > 6.3 Fabric Covering > Flashcards

6.3 Fabric Covering Flashcards

1
Q

What must be done before any aircraft is covered

A

The structure must be inspected

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2
Q

What are the most suitable conditions for applying fabric

A

Room temperature 16-21°c relative humidity no more than 70%

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3
Q

What are linen tapes for

A

Covering leading edges

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4
Q

What is Egyptian tape used for

A

Used on members where chafing occurs

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5
Q

What is Egyptian tape also known as

A

Cotton tape

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6
Q

What conditions must aircraft materials get stored

A

At 20°c in a dry cool place away from direct sunlight

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7
Q

For areas where serious chafing may occur, what can be done to prevent this

A

A reinforcement is used in the form of a canvas or leather patch

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8
Q

What is used to make sure that dope doesn’t react with surface protections

A

The structure is covered with aluminium tape or adhesive cellulose or painted with dope resistant white paint

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9
Q

What are the 2 ways of recovering wooden aircraft

A
  • Prefabricared envelopes

- The Blanket method

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10
Q

When recovering aircraft, where should seams not be placed

A

Should never be at right angles to the direction of the airflow

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11
Q

What is the balloon seem also known as

A

The French fell

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12
Q

Why is the balloon seem or French fell examined with a light after sewing

A

To make sure that all seams have been done correctly

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13
Q

When should the lap seam be used

A

Only when specified by the manufacturer

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14
Q

What stitch forms are used for repair work

A
  • Herringbone (baseball stitch)

- Boot stitch

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15
Q

What 2 stitch methods are used for hand sewing

A
  • The lock stitch

- The overhand stitch

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16
Q

What stitch method is used for trailing edges, wing tips and where sudden changes of direction occur

A

The overhand

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17
Q

When would beeswax be used

A

On all threads for hand sewing that haven’t been pre waxed

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18
Q

What is flax chord normally used for

A

For stringing purposes and is normally applied in single strands

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19
Q

When is boom stringing done

A

On deep aerofoil sections

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20
Q

What happens if stringing tension is too much

A

It can distort the ribs

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21
Q

What is the slip stream area

A

For stringing purposes the slip stream area is considered to be the diameter of the propeller plus one rib either side

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22
Q

When material is fixed down (normally on a metal structure) with steel groves or channels what is it called

A

Special stringing

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23
Q

What would the procedure be for applying fabric to plywood

A

Wood surface should be smoothed with fine glass paper, then doped

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24
Q

Why is drainage and ventilation a necessity

A

To prevent corrosion of the structure or rot of the fabric

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25
Q

Where are drainage holes normally fitted

A

The lower or bottom parts of the structure where moisture is most likely to gather

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26
Q

What are drainage eyelets

A

They are normally circular or oval in shape and doped on to the surface of the fabric. They are sometimes stitched on.

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27
Q

What are shielded eyelets

A

They are used in special positions to help improve drainage or ventilation

They are used on marine aircraft to prevent the entry of sea spray

They must not be used as an alternative to normal eyelets

They need to be facing the correct way otherwise they won’t be effective

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28
Q

What are the 3 forms of inspection panels

A
  • Woods frames
  • Zip panels
  • Spring panels
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29
Q

What are woods frames

A

Light circular or square frames made from celluloid sheet which are doped on to the fabric covering

30
Q

What are zip panels

A

Two zip sections sewn on to the fabric in the form of a V easy excess for inspection

31
Q

What are spring panels

A

Particularly used on light aircraft

32
Q

What sit here type should be used for repairing straight cuts or tears

A

The herringbone (baseball) (ladder)

33
Q

What should be done to repair damage in fabric with jagged edges

A

Woods frame doped on place

34
Q

When can repairs by darning be carried out

A

On irregular holes or jagged tears 50mm (2in) or smaller

35
Q

What must also be done with a darning repair

A

The whole repair covered in a serrated in a serrated patch with an overlap of 37mm

36
Q

How frequently should a lock knot be used in the boot stitch

A

Every 150mm (6in)

37
Q

What are the names of the 2 fabric testers

A

Maul and seyboth

38
Q

When repairing puncture holes produced by a sayboth tester what materials should be used

A

A 50mm or 75mm doped patch

39
Q

What is important to take into consideration when using a sayboth tester

A

Should not be done through s double layer of fabric, this would give an inaccurate value

40
Q

How does the maul fabric tester work

A

If the fabric has been punctured it has failed and if the fabric does not puncture it has passed

41
Q

Which fabric tester has the red, yellow and green traffic light measuring scale

A

Seyboth tester

42
Q

What are the two man made fibres used to cover aircraft

A

Polyester fibre and glass fibre

43
Q

Which man made fabric needs to be heat shrieked into position and then doped

A

Polyester fibre

44
Q

Which man made material needs to be cut quite accurately in the first place before doping

A

Glass fibre, dope only slightly taughtens it

45
Q

What type of repair can be made to polyester fibre materials

A

Small patches may be stuck on with adhesive however laterger patches will have to be recovered like initial application

46
Q

How are repairs to glass fibre materials carried out

A

But cutting out damage and doping on a patch which overlaps 50mm all way round

47
Q

What characteristics does dope provide

A
  • Taughtening of natural fabrics
  • Waterproofing
  • Airproofing
  • Lightproofing
48
Q

What does dope consist of

A

A number of resins dissolved in a solvent

49
Q

How is dope applied

A

Normally by brushing or spraying

50
Q

What are the two types of dope mainly used

A
  • Cellulose Nitrate

- Cellulose acetate byturate

51
Q

What happens with dope as it ages

A

It becomes acidic

52
Q

What is the purpose of aluminium dope

A

To make the fabric light proof

53
Q

What is done to dope to make it suitable for spraying

A

Thinners are used for spraying

54
Q

What is the purpose of MEK

A

A low cost solvent similar to acetone for removing dirt and grease

55
Q

What is sometimes added to the first layer of dope

A

Fungicides to help prevent mildew and fungus

56
Q

What is a tack rag

A

A rag slightly dampened with thinners used to wipe a sanded surface before the application of the next coat

57
Q

What is the main danger of working with dope

A

The vapours are heavier than air and are easily ignited

58
Q

What is the most common cause of a spark when working with dope

A

Static electricity

59
Q

What is the best way to prevent static electricity when working with dope

A

To ground or earth the structure your working on

60
Q

The storage and usage of dope is covered by various government regulations under what act

A

The factories act

61
Q

What must be done when spraying nitrate dope

A

The gun and the person spraying must be grounded

62
Q

How should the floors be swept when in the spray shop

A

They should be well doused with water and then swept when still wet

63
Q

What should dope not be mixed with

A

Electrical drills

64
Q

What type of working conditions must be had when using or spraying dope

A

Good regulation of humidity
Good regulation of temperature
Good airflow

65
Q

What must be installed in the floor of a spray shop

A

An explosion proof fan to prevent heavy vapours from collecting at floor level

66
Q

What is the optimum temperature for spraying dope

A

21-26°c

67
Q

What is the desirable range of humidity for spraying dope

A

Between 45-50% however 20-70% can be ok

68
Q

What should the humidity of a spray room be measured with

A

A hygrometer

69
Q

What is the most common way for measuring humidity of a spray room

A

The wet and dry bulb type

70
Q

What must be done when the aircraft has been doped and painted

A

It must be re weighed

M6 Richard 2019 (10 decks)

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