6.3 definitoins

Question 1

what are microbes

Answer 1

microorganisms that are too small to be seen by the naked eye

Question 2

what is primary defence

Answer 2

aim to stop entry of pathogens into the body
can be physical or chemical

Question 3

what is a physical barrier

Answer 3

cells that are tightly joined to prevent invaders from crossing through to deeper tissue

Question 4

define antiseptic

Answer 4

preventing the growth of disease causing microorganisms

Question 5

define lysozyme

Answer 5

an enzyme which catalyses the destruction of the cell walls of certain bacteria

Question 6

define antibacterial

Answer 6

prevent the growth or spread of bacteria

Question 7

define clotting

Answer 7

a process in which liquid blood is converted into a gelatinous substance that eventually hardens to stop blood flow

Question 8

define platelets

Answer 8

fragments that help to form blood clots to slow or stop bleeding and help to head wounds

Question 9

define fibrin

Answer 9

a tough protein substance that is arranged in long fibrous chains

Question 10

define thrombosis

Answer 10

a blood clot within blood vessels that limits the flow of blood

Question 11

define phagocytes

Answer 11

an immune cell that can surround and kill microorganisms, ingest foreign and remove dead cells

Question 12

fringe lymphocytes

Answer 12

a type of white blood cell in the blood and the lymph tissue

Question 13

define phagocytosis

Answer 13

the process by which a phagocyte surrounds and destroys forging substances and removes dead cells

Question 14

define non specific immunity

Answer 14

the immunity you are born with that provides generalised protection against pathogens

Question 15

define specific immunity

Answer 15

acquired during life time and involves the activation of white blood cells, which distinguish and react to foreign substances

Question 16

define specific immunity

Answer 16

acquired during life time and involves the activation of white blood cells, which distinguish and react to foreign substances

Question 17

define antibody

Answer 17

a blood protein that produces in response to and counteracting a specific antigen

Question 18

define memory cell

Answer 18

a lymphocyte capable of responding to a particular antigen on its reintroduction long after exposure

Question 19

define a pathogen

Answer 19

a bacterium, virus, or other microorganism that can cause disease

Question 20

define transmission

Answer 20

the process by which a pathogen spreads from one host to another

Question 21

define penicillin

Answer 21

an antibiotic produced naturally by certain blue moulds

Question 22

define antibiotic

Answer 22

a medicine that inhibits the growth of or destroys microorganisms

Question 23

define multiple resistance

Answer 23

a bacterium that is simultaneously resistant to a number of antibiotics