6.23.16 Block 2

Question 1

complex regional pain synd: ssx

Answer 1

• continued pain (out of proportion to injury)
• allodynia
• jt stiff
• localized edema
• increased hair growth
• vasospasm

Question 2

differentiate: complex regional pain synd type 1 vs 2

Answer 2

1: no evidence of nerve damage
2: presence of defined nerve injury

Question 3

narcolepsy: tx

Answer 3

CNS stimulants: modafinil, methylphenidate

Question 4

SCC of skin: precursor lesion

Answer 4

actinic keratoses

Question 5

actinic keratoses: appearance

Answer 5

rough, erythematous, scaly macule/papule

Question 6

actinic keratoses: RF

Answer 6

chronic sun exposure

Question 7

sup orbital fissure: structs

Answer 7

• CN III, IV, V1, VI

- sympathetics to face

Question 8

foramen rotundum: structs

Answer 8

CN V2

Question 9

foramen spinosum: structs

Answer 9

middle meningeal A

Question 10

internal auditory meatus: structs

Answer 10

CN VII, VIII

Question 11

jugular foramen: structs

Answer 11

CN IX, X, XI

Question 12

ASA toxicity: ssx

Answer 12

• GI distress
• tinnitis
• hyperthermia

Question 13

what is: Fitz-Hugh-Curtis synd

Answer 13

comp of PID: liver capsule inflamm –> adhesions

Question 14

resistant depression: adjunctive tx

Answer 14

lithium

Question 15

how does vagal stimulation act on gastric parietal cells (on a molecular level)?

Answer 15

vagal stim –> release ACh –> activate M3 receptors –> Gq –> phospholipase C

Question 16

vitelline artery: derivatives

Answer 16

SMA

Question 17

SMA synd: pathophys

Answer 17

abd trauma, scoliosis surg, peritoneal adhesion –> shift angle bw abd aorta & SMA –> compress duodenum

Question 18

what is: anisocytosis

Answer 18

variety in RBC size

Question 19

what anemia presents with increased RDW?

Answer 19

iron def

Question 20

iron def anemia: #1 cause

Answer 20

menorrhagia

Question 21

iron def anemia: lab findings

Answer 21

• low MCV
• low iron
• high RDW
• high TIBC
• low ferritin

Question 22

Parkinson’s dz: histology hallmark

Answer 22

Lewy body: eosinophilic inclusions of a-synuclein

Question 23

anosmia, color blind, no/delayed puberty: dx?

Answer 23

Kallman synd

Question 24

Kallman synd: pathophys

Answer 24

hypo –> decrease syn of GnRH

Question 25

Kallman synd: ssx

Answer 25

- anosmia - color blind - no/delayed puberty

Question 26

CASE: young M --> recurrent infect, eczema, low IgM, high IgA --> dx?

Answer 26

Wiskott-Aldrich synd

Question 27

AIDS pt --> TB ssx --> what org?

Answer 27

mycobact avium intracellulare complex

Question 28

mycobact avium intracellulare complex: at what CD4 count?

Question 29

high homogentisate --> dx?

Answer 29

alkaptonuria

Question 30

alkaptonuria: enzyme?

Answer 30

homogentisate oxidase

Question 31

dermatitis herpetiformis: assoc dz

Answer 31

celiac dz

Question 32

CASE: obese, amenorrhea, hirsutism --> dx?

Answer 32

PCOS

Question 33

PCOS: hormone levels

Answer 33

hyperandrogenic state: high LH, testosterone, estrogen

Question 34

PCOS: what cause amenorrhea?

Answer 34

high LH --> anovulation

Question 35

what is: acute dystonia

Answer 35

invol contract major muscle grps --> torticollis, oculogyric crisis

Question 36

what is: oculogyric crisis

Answer 36

dystonic reaction to certain drugs or medical conditions characterized by a prolonged involuntary upward deviation of the eyes

Question 37

muscle contraction: role of Ca2+

Answer 37

Ca2+ bind troponin --> troponin conformation change --> tropomysin mv --> expose myosin binding sites on actin

Question 38

Ehlers-Danlos synd: def

Answer 38

collagen III & V

Question 39

hypermobile jt, elastic skin, easy & freq bruise --> dx?

Answer 39

Ehlers-Danlos

Question 40

blue sclera --> dx?

Answer 40

osteogenesis imperfecta

Question 41

osteogenesis imperfecta: def

Answer 41

collagen I

Question 42

compress ant spinal artery --> leads to?

Answer 42

ant cord synd

Question 43

ant cord synd: pathophys

Answer 43

ischemia to ant 2/3 of spinal cord

Question 44

ant cord synd: effect

Answer 44

- loss: bilat --> motor, pain/temp | - intact: pinpoint, vibration

Question 45

preg --> UTI --> tx?

Answer 45

amoxicillin

Question 46

4th & 5th fingers flexed --> can't extend --> dx?

Answer 46

Dupuytren's contracture

Question 47

REM sleep: hormones involved

Answer 47

Ach: initiate NE: reduce

Question 48

anabolic steroid: SE

Answer 48

- gynecomastia - decrease testicular size - liver damage

Question 49

pernicious anemia: assoc dz

Answer 49

chronic gastritis

Question 50

vitB12 def: histology

Answer 50

megaloblastic anemia w hypersegmented neutrophils

Question 51

differentiate: vitB12 def vs folic acid def

Answer 51

vitB12 def: increase methylmalonic acid --> neuro ssx