6.2.1 Microorganisms In Biotechnology

Question 1

Microorganisms are useful in biotech because… 4

Answer 1

They reproduce quickly; relatively simple; can produce important compounds; no ethical issues associated with their use

Question 2

Biotechnology is…

Answer 2

The integration of natural and engineering sciences in order to develop / create new products

Question 3

Brewing uses… to…

Answer 3

Yeast to convert cereal-derived sugars into CO2 and ethanol; creates alcohol and influences taste of produced drink

Question 4

Baking use… to…

Answer 4

Yeast to convert sugar into CO2, lifting and aerating the dough; conditions the gluten

Question 5

Cheese making uses… to…

Answer 5

Lactic acid bacteria, either as starter cultures that cause acidification of milk; or secondary micro iota that contributes to cheese ripening and fermentation

Question 6

Penicillin production uses… to…

Answer 6

Penicillium chrysogenum to produce the antibiotic

Question 7

Insulin production uses… to…

Answer 7

E. Coli, saccharomyces cerevisiae; bacteria are genetically modified to produce human insulin and are grown in tanks

Question 8

Bioremediation?

Answer 8

Use of microorganisms to consume and break down pollutants

Question 9

Advantages of using microorganisms in human food production?

Answer 9

Take up little space; no ethical issues; doesn’t depend on climate; food lasts a long time; cheap + reliable

Question 10

Disadvantages of using microorganisms in human food production?

Answer 10

Some people may not want to eat it; doesn’t taste good; can be wasted easily; specialist labs may be needed